کفتار

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See also: گفتار

Persian

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کفتار

Etymology

Related to Middle Persian (hptʾl /⁠haftār⁠/, “hyena”), Bandar Abbasi Persian dialect افتارگ (aftârg), Sogdian (ʾβtʾr /⁠aftār⁠/), Old Georgian აფთარი (aptari). See additional comparanda in Bläsing. Unattested in Old Iranian. The ultimate origin is unknown.

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? kaftār
Dari reading? kaftār
Iranian reading? kaftâr
Tajik reading? kaftor

Noun

کفتار • (kaftâr) (plural کفتارها (kaftâr-hâ) or کفتاران (kaftârân))

  1. hyena
    • c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “Qaṣīda 69”, in دیوان فرخی سیستانی [Dīvān of Farrukhī]‎:
      ز بیم تیغ او شیران جنگی
      بسوراخ اندرون رفته چو کفتار
      کسی کز پیش او گیرد هزیمت
      نترسد گر شود در سله با مار
      zi bīm⁠-i tēğ-i tu šēr⁠ān-i jangī
      ba sūrāx andarūn rafta čū kaftār
      kasē k-az pēš-i ō gīrad ⁠hazīmat
      na-tarsad gar šawad dar silla bā mār
      Fearing your blade, the warlike lions
      Have hidden in holes like the hyena.
      Whoever flees before you
      Is not afraid to go in a basket with a snake.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

References

  • Bläsing, Uwe (2000) “Irano-Turcica: Weitere iranische Elemente im Türkeitürkischen”, in Folia Orientalia‎ (in German), volume 36, Kraków, § 5, page 39
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “haftār”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 39
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