ܥܠܡܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From Aramaic עָלְמָא (ʿāləmā), itself possibly from Akkadian 𒂖𒆷𒈬𒌋𒀀 (/⁠ellamu, illamu⁠/, “front, before; both temporally and in location; coming before your time or being currently physically before you now”); compare Hebrew עוֹלָם ('olám), Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam) and Amharic ዓለም (ʿaläm).

Pronunciation

(Standard) IPA^(key):
(Urmia) IPA^(key):

Noun

ܥܵܠܡܵܐ • (ˁālmā) m sg (plural ܥܵܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ˁālmē))

world
nation, people
Synonym: ܥܲܡܵܐ (ˁammā)

Inflection

Inflection of **ܥܵܠܡܵܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	–		1^st person	ܥܵܠܡܝܼ (ˁālmī)		ܥܵܠܡܲܢ (ˁālman)
	construct	ܥܵܠܲܡ (ˁālam)		2^nd person	ܥܵܠܡܘܼܟ݂ (ˁālmūḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁālmāḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁālmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܵܠܡܵܐ (ˁālmā)		3^rd person	ܥܵܠܡܹܗ (ˁālmēh)	ܥܵܠܡܵܗ̇ (ˁālmāh)	ܥܵܠܡܗܘܿܢ (ˁālmhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1^st person	ܥܵܠܡܝܼ̈ (ˁālmī)		ܥܵܠܡܲܢ̈ (ˁālman)
	construct	ܥܵܠܡܲܝ̈ (ˁālmay)		2^nd person	ܥܵܠܡܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁālmūḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁālmāḵ)	ܥܵܠܡܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁālmāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܵܠܡܹ̈ܐ (ˁālmē)		3^rd person	ܥܵܠܡܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ˁālmūh)	ܥܵܠܡ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁālmōh)	ܥܵܠܡܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁālmhōn)

Derived terms

ܥܵܠܲܡ (ˁālam, “eternity, forever”)
ܥܵܠܡܵܝܵܐ (ˁālmāyā)
ܥܵܠܡܵܢܵܝܵܐ (ˁālmānāyā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Arabic عَالَم (ʕālam) and Hebrew עוֹלָם (ʿôlām).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (singular)
IPA^(key): (plural)

Noun

ܥܠܡܐ • (ˁālmā) m (plural ܥܠܡܐ)

Inflection

Inflection of **ܥܠܡܐ**
	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
	state	form		person	m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܠܡ		1^st person	ܥܠܡܝ		ܥܠܡܢ
	construct	ܥܠܡ		2^nd person	ܥܠܡܟ	ܥܠܡܟܝ	ܥܠܡܟܘܢ	ܥܠܡܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܡܐ		3^rd person	ܥܠܡܗ	ܥܠܡܗ	ܥܠܡܗܘܢ	ܥܠܡܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܠܡܝܢ		1^st person	ܥܠܡܝ		ܥܠܡܝܢ
	construct	ܥܠܡܝ		2^nd person	ܥܠܡܝܟ	ܥܠܡܝܟܝ	ܥܠܡܝܟܘܢ	ܥܠܡܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܠܡܐ		3^rd person	ܥܠܡܘܗܝ	ܥܠܡܝܗ	ܥܠܡܝܗܘܢ	ܥܠܡܝܗܝܢ

References

“ˁlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 254b
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 415a-b
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1105a

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