श्वाविध्

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit श्वाविध् (śvāvídh). Doublet of साही (sāhī).

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃʋɑː.ʋɪd̪ʱ/,

श्वाविध् • (śvāvidh) m

1. (rare) porcupine

   Synonyms: सेधा (sedhā), साही (sāhī), सेही (sehī)

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “श्वाविध्”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi : Nagari Pracarini Sabha

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śwaHwídʰ-, from *śwá (“dog”) + *Hwídʰ- (“piercing, perforating, wounding”), from the zero grades of Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ (“dog”) and *h₁weydʰh₁- respectively. Literally "dog-piercer". See also व्यध् (vyadh, “to pierce, hurt”, root). The constituent components are श्वन् (śvan, “dog”) +‎ व्यध् (vyadh, “to pierce”).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕʋɑː.ʋídʱ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕʋɑː.ʋid̪ʱ/

श्वाविध् • (śvāvídh) stem, m

1. a porcupine
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 5.13.9:

     कर्णा श्वावित् तद् अब्रवीद् गिरेर् अवचरन्तिका ।
     याः काश् चेमाः खनित्रिमास् तासाम् अरसतमं विषम् ॥

     karṇā śvāvit tad abravīd girer avacarantikā.
     yāḥ kāś cemāḥ khanitrimās tāsām arasatamaṃ viṣam.

     Dwelling beside the mountain's slope, the quick-eared porcupine exclaimed:
     The poison which is in all these she-snakes homed in earth is most powerless.

• श्वाविच्छरण (śvāviccharaṇa, “porcupine's lair”)
• श्वाविच्छललित (śvāvicchalalita, “furnished with porcupine quills”)
• श्वाविद्गर्त (śvāvidgarta, “porcupine's lair”)
• श्वाविद्रोमन् (śvāvidroman, “quill of a porcupine”)
• श्वाविल्लोमन् (śvāvilloman, “quill of a porcupine”)

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha: šu
  • Khowar: شُو (šu)
• Pali: sāmi
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀯𑀺𑀳 (sāviha)
  • Magadhi Prakrit:
    • Odia: ସାଇଁ (sāĩ)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Gujarati: શાહુડી (śāhuḍī)
    • Hindustani:

      Hindi: साही (sāhī)

      Urdu: ساہی (sāhī)

• Monier Williams (1899) “श्वाविध्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1105, column 2.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “श्वाविध्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “śvāvídh”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “śvāvídh-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 678