ἄρνυμαι

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

A present nu-stem from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“to take”), unrelated to ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “fit together”). Cognate with Old Armenian առնում (aṙnum, “take”) and probably Avestan 𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (ərənuuaiṇti, “they grant”).

Pronunciation

 

Verb

ἄρνυμαι • (árnumai)

  1. to get, win, gain, achieve, receive (usually in positive sense)
    1. (present, imperfect) to strive for, try to get
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4–5:
        Πολλὰ δ’ ὅ γ’ ἐν πόντῳ πάθεν ἄλγεα ὃν κατὰ θῡμόν,
        ἀρνύμενος ἥν τε ψῡχὴν καὶ νόστον ἑταίρων.
        Pollà d’ hó g’ en póntōi páthen álgea hòn katà thūmón,
        arnúmenos hḗn te psūkhḕn kaì nóston hetaírōn.
        suffered many sorrows in his heart on the sea,
        striving for his life and his comrades' homecoming.
  2. to take up, bear, carry

Inflection

   Present: ἄρνῠμαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative ἄρνῠμαι ἄρνῠσαι ἄρνῠται ἄρνῠσθον ἄρνῠσθον ἀρνῠ́μεθα ἄρνῠσθε ἄρνῠνται
subjunctive ἀρνῠ́ωμαι ἀρνῠ́ῃ ἀρνῠ́ηται ἀρνῠ́ησθον ἀρνῠ́ησθον ἀρνῠώμεθᾰ ἀρνῠ́ησθε ἀρνῠ́ωνται
optative ἀρνῠοίμην ἀρνῠ́οιο ἀρνῠ́οιτο ἀρνῠ́οισθον ἀρνῠοίσθην ἀρνῠοίμεθᾰ ἀρνῠ́οισθε ἀρνῠ́οιντο
imperative   ἄρνῠσο ἀρνῠ́σθω ἄρνῠσθον ἀρνῠ́σθων   ἄρνῠσθε ἀρνῠ́σθων
middle/passive
infinitive ἄρνῠσθαι
participle m ἀρνῠ́μενος
f ἀρνῠμένη
n ἀρνῠ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἀρόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative ἀρόμην ἄρου ἄρετο ἄρεσθον ἀρέσθην ἀρόμεθᾰ ἄρεσθε ἄροντο
subjunctive ἄρωμαι ἄρῃ ἄρηται ἄρησθον ἄρησθον ἀρώμεθᾰ ἄρησθε ἄρωνται
optative ἀροίμην ἄροιο ἄροιτο ἄροισθον ἀροίσθην ἀροίμεθᾰ ἄροισθε ἄροιντο
imperative   ἀροῦ ἀρέσθω ἄρεσθον ἀρέσθων   ἄρεσθε ἀρέσθων
middle
infinitive ἀρέσθαι
participle m ἀρόμενος
f ἀρομένη
n ἀρόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

  • “ἄρνυμαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “ἄρνυμαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “ἄρνυμαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • ἄρνυμαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • “ἄρνυμαι”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἄρνυμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “aṙnum”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 112
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