ἔργω

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Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wreǵ- (“to close, enclose”). Cognate with Sanskrit वृज (vṛja, “wattle, fence”) and Middle Irish fraig (“interior wall”).

Alternative forms

Verb

ἔργω • (érgō)

  1. to close off, enclose
Conjugation
   Present: ἔργω, ἔργομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔργω ἔργεις ἔργει ἔργετον ἔργετον ἔργομεν ἔργετε ἔργουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ἔργω ἔργῃς ἔργῃ ἔργητον ἔργητον ἔργωμεν ἔργητε ἔργωσῐ(ν)
optative ἔργοιμῐ ἔργοις ἔργοι ἔργοιτον ἐργοίτην ἔργοιμεν ἔργοιτε ἔργοιεν
imperative   ἔργε ἐργέτω ἔργετον ἐργέτων   ἔργετε ἐργόντων
middle/
passive 		indicative ἔργομαι ἔργῃ,
ἔργει 		ἔργεται ἔργεσθον ἔργεσθον ἐργόμεθᾰ ἔργεσθε ἔργονται
subjunctive ἔργωμαι ἔργῃ ἔργηται ἔργησθον ἔργησθον ἐργώμεθᾰ ἔργησθε ἔργωνται
optative ἐργοίμην ἔργοιο ἔργοιτο ἔργοισθον ἐργοίσθην ἐργοίμεθᾰ ἔργοισθε ἔργοιντο
imperative   ἔργου ἐργέσθω ἔργεσθον ἐργέσθων   ἔργεσθε ἐργέσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive ἔργειν ἔργεσθαι
participle m ἔργων ἐργόμενος
f ἔργουσᾰ ἐργομένη
n ἔργον ἐργόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἔργον, ἐργόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔργον ἔργες ἔργε(ν) ἔργετον ἐργέτην ἔργομεν ἔργετε ἔργον
middle/
passive 		indicative ἐργόμην ἔργου ἔργετο ἔργεσθον ἐργέσθην ἐργόμεθᾰ ἔργεσθε ἔργοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: ἔρξω, ἔρξομαι, ἐρχθήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρξω ἔρξεις ἔρξει ἔρξετον ἔρξετον ἔρξομεν ἔρξετε ἔρξουσῐ(ν)
optative ἔρξοιμῐ ἔρξοις ἔρξοι ἔρξοιτον ἐρξοίτην ἔρξοιμεν ἔρξοιτε ἔρξοιεν
middle indicative ἔρξομαι ἔρξῃ,
ἔρξει 		ἔρξεται ἔρξεσθον ἔρξεσθον ἐρξόμεθᾰ ἔρξεσθε ἔρξονται
optative ἐρξοίμην ἔρξοιο ἔρξοιτο ἔρξοισθον ἐρξοίσθην ἐρξοίμεθᾰ ἔρξοισθε ἔρξοιντο
passive indicative ἐρχθήσομαι ἐρχθήσῃ ἐρχθήσεται ἐρχθήσεσθον ἐρχθήσεσθον ἐρχθησόμεθᾰ ἐρχθήσεσθε ἐρχθήσονται
optative ἐρχθησοίμην ἐρχθήσοιο ἐρχθήσοιτο ἐρχθήσοισθον ἐρχθησοίσθην ἐρχθησοίμεθᾰ ἐρχθήσοισθε ἐρχθήσοιντο
active middle passive
infinitive ἔρξειν ἔρξεσθαι ἐρχθήσεσθαι
participle m ἔρξων ἐρξόμενος ἐρχθησόμενος
f ἔρξουσᾰ ἐρξομένη ἐρχθησομένη
n ἔρξον ἐρξόμενον ἐρχθησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἔρξᾰ, ἐρξᾰ́μην, ἔρχθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔρξᾰ ἔρξᾰς ἔρξε(ν) ἔρξᾰτον ἐρξᾰ́την ἔρξᾰμεν ἔρξᾰτε ἔρξᾰν
subjunctive ἔρξω ἔρξῃς ἔρξῃ ἔρξητον ἔρξητον ἔρξωμεν ἔρξητε ἔρξωσῐ(ν)
optative ἔρξαιμῐ ἔρξειᾰς,
ἔρξαις 		ἔρξειε(ν),
ἔρξαι 		ἔρξαιτον ἐρξαίτην ἔρξαιμεν ἔρξαιτε ἔρξειᾰν,
ἔρξαιεν
imperative   ἔρξον ἐρξᾰ́τω ἔρξᾰτον ἐρξᾰ́των   ἔρξᾰτε ἐρξᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ἐρξᾰ́μην ἔρξω ἔρξᾰτο ἔρξᾰσθον ἐρξᾰ́σθην ἐρξᾰ́μεθᾰ ἔρξᾰσθε ἔρξᾰντο
subjunctive ἔρξωμαι ἔρξῃ ἔρξηται ἔρξησθον ἔρξησθον ἐρξώμεθᾰ ἔρξησθε ἔρξωνται
optative ἐρξαίμην ἔρξαιο ἔρξαιτο ἔρξαισθον ἐρξαίσθην ἐρξαίμεθᾰ ἔρξαισθε ἔρξαιντο
imperative   ἔρξαι ἐρξᾰ́σθω ἔρξᾰσθον ἐρξᾰ́σθων   ἔρξᾰσθε ἐρξᾰ́σθων
passive indicative ἔρχθην ἔρχθης ἔρχθη ἔρχθητον ἐρχθήτην ἔρχθημεν ἔρχθητε ἔρχθησᾰν
subjunctive ἐρχθῶ ἐρχθῇς ἐρχθῇ ἐρχθῆτον ἐρχθῆτον ἐρχθῶμεν ἐρχθῆτε ἐρχθῶσῐ(ν)
optative ἐρχθείην ἐρχθείης ἐρχθείη ἐρχθεῖτον,
ἐρχθείητον 		ἐρχθείτην,
ἐρχθειήτην 		ἐρχθεῖμεν,
ἐρχθείημεν 		ἐρχθεῖτε,
ἐρχθείητε 		ἐρχθεῖεν,
ἐρχθείησᾰν
imperative   ἔρχθητῐ ἐρχθήτω ἔρχθητον ἐρχθήτων   ἔρχθητε ἐρχθέντων
active middle passive
infinitive ἔρξαι ἔρξᾰσθαι ἐρχθῆναι
participle m ἔρξᾱς ἐρξᾰ́μενος ἐρχθείς
f ἔρξᾱσᾰ ἐρξᾰμένη ἐρχθεῖσᾰ
n ἔρξᾰν ἐρξᾰ́μενον ἐρχθέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἔργᾰθον (Poetic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἔργᾰθον ἔργᾰθες ἔργᾰθε(ν) ἐργᾰ́θετον ἐργᾰθέτην ἐργᾰ́θομεν ἐργᾰ́θετε ἔργᾰθον
subjunctive ἐργᾰ́θω ἐργᾰ́θῃς ἐργᾰ́θῃ ἐργᾰ́θητον ἐργᾰ́θητον ἐργᾰ́θωμεν ἐργᾰ́θητε ἐργᾰ́θωσῐ(ν)
optative ἐργᾰ́θοιμῐ ἐργᾰ́θοις ἐργᾰ́θοι ἐργᾰ́θοιτον ἐργᾰθοίτην ἐργᾰ́θοιμεν ἐργᾰ́θοιτε ἐργᾰ́θοιεν
imperative   ἔργᾰθε ἐργᾰθέτω ἐργᾰ́θετον ἐργᾰθέτων   ἐργᾰ́θετε ἐργᾰθόντων
active
infinitive ἐργᾰθεῖν
participle m ἐργᾰθών
f ἐργᾰθοῦσᾰ
n ἐργᾰθόν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: ἔργμαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative ἔργμαι ἔρξαι ἔρκται ἔρχθον ἔρχθον ἔργμεθᾰ ἔρχθε ἔρχᾰται
subjunctive ἐργμένος ὦ ἐργμένος ᾖς ἐργμένος ᾖ ἐργμένω ἦτον ἐργμένω ἦτον ἐργμένοι ὦμεν ἐργμένοι ἦτε ἐργμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
optative ἐργμένος εἴην ἐργμένος εἴης ἐργμένος εἴη ἐργμένω εἴητον/εἶτον ἐργμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην ἐργμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν ἐργμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε ἐργμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
imperative   ἔρξο ἔρχθω ἔρχθον ἔρχθων   ἔρχθε ἔρχθων
middle/passive
infinitive ἔρχθαι
participle m ἐργμένος
f ἐργμένη
n ἐργμένον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: ἔργμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive 		indicative ἔργμην ἔρξο ἔρκτο ἔρχθον ἔρχθην ἔργμεθᾰ ἔρχθε ἔρχᾰτο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
Derived terms

Further reading

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ἔργω • (érgō)

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative dual of ἔργον (érgon)
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