下さる

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
くだ
Grade: 1

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "くださる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
くださる ださ
Imperative (命令形) くだされ ださ
Key constructions
Passive くだされる だされ
Causative くださせる ださせ
Potential - - -
Volitional くださろう ださろ
Negative くださらない ださらない
Negative perfective くださらなかった ださらなかった
Formal くださいます ださいま
Perfective くださった ださった
Conjunctive くださって ださって
Hypothetical conditional くだされば だされば

Etymology 1

From classical (くだ)さる (kudasaru), by a shift in the conjugation from ichidan to godan.

Verb

(くだ)さる (kudasarugodan (stem (くだ)さり (kudasari) or (くだ)さい (kudasai), past (くだ)さった (kudasatta))

  1. (honorific) to give
    先生(せんせい)(わたし)(ほん)(くだ)さいました
    Sensei wa watashi ni hon o kudasaimashita.
    teacher gave me a book.
  2. (honorific) to do something for me/us
Usage notes
  • The receiver is always the speaker or someone close to the speaker such as a family member. The giver is always someone of higher social status than the speaker.
Conjugation
Synonyms

Etymology 2

Derived as the passive / potential / spontaneous / honorific conjugation of 下す (kudasu, to lower something).

Verb

(くだ)さる (kudasarunidan

  1. (honorific) to give
  2. (honorific) to do something for me/us
Conjugation