樺
Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word 樺. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word 樺, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say 樺 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word 樺 you have here. The definition of the word 樺 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of樺, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
| ||||||||
Translingual
| Japanese | 樺 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 桦 |
| Traditional | 樺 |
Han character
樺 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 木廿一十 (DTMJ), four-corner 44954, composition ⿰木華)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 552, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15497
- Dae Jaweon: page 940, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1261, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6A3A
Chinese
| trad. | 樺 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 桦 | |
| alternative forms | 華／华 | |
Glyph origin
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwa (“birch”) (STEDT); cognate with Tibetan གྲོ་ག (gro ga, “bark of birch tree”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huà
- Wade–Giles: hua4
- Yale: hwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huah
- Palladius: хуа (xua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: waa6 / waa4
- Yale: wah / wàh
- Cantonese Pinyin: waa6 / waa4
- Guangdong Romanization: wa6 / wa4
- Sinological IPA (key): /waː²²/, /waː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōa
- Tâi-lô: huā
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoa
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hua²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /hua⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hôa
- Tâi-lô: huâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoaa
- IPA (Taipei): /hua²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /hua²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: hua5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /hua⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Middle Chinese: hwae, hwaeH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷraː/, /*ɡʷraːs/
Definitions
樺
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
樺
Readings
- Go-on: げ (ge)
- Kan-on: か (ka)←くわ (kwa, historical)
- Kun: かば (kaba, 樺)、かんば (kanba)、かにわ (kaniwa)←かには (kanifa, historical)
Compounds
- 樺太 (Karafuto)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 樺 |
| かば Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 椛 |
A shift from kaniwa below.[1]
First appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
Usage notes
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カバ.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 樺色 (kabairo, “reddish yellow”)
- 樺桜 (kabazakura, “a sakura with birch-like bark”)
- 樺の木 (kaba no ki, “a birch tree”)
- 白樺 (shirakaba, “Betula platyphylla”)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 樺 |
| かんば Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
First attested in the mid-19th century.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
Usage notes
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カンバ.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 白樺 (shirakanba, “Betula platyphylla”)
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 樺 |
| かにわ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 桜皮 |
⟨kanipa⟩ → /kaniɸa/ → /kaniwa/
From Old Japanese 樺 (kanipa, “sakura, sakura bark”), from Ainu カリンパ (karinpa, “sakura, sakura bark”).[4][5][6]
Found in the Man'yōshū (book 6), completed some time after 759 CE, in sense 1.[2][7] Sense 2 appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[8]
Compare Sakhalin Ainu カリムバニ (karimba-ni, “cherry tree; Prunus pseudocerasus”) and カリムバタツ (karimba-tat, “Betula Maximowicziana”).[9]
Noun
- (obsolete) Japanese bird cherry (Prunus grayana) or its bark
- (obsolete) monarch birch (Betula maximowicziana) or its bark
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “樺”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Frellesvig, Bjarke, Stephen Wright Horn, et al. (eds.) (2023) “Old Japanese kanipa”, in Oxford-NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese
- ^ Vovin (2020)
- ^ “かには”, in 世界大百科事典 第２版 (Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten Dainihan, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Second Edition”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 1998
- ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- ^ “樺・桜皮”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language), Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 212
Korean
Hanja
樺 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)
Synonyms
Compounds
- 백화 (白樺, baekhwa, “Asian white birch”)
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.