沖つ白波

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
沖 白 波
おき
Grade: 4 		しら
Grade: 1 		なみ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese: 沖(おき) (oki, “open sea”) + つ (tsu, archaic possessive particle) + 白波(しらなみ) (shiranami, “whitecaps, white-crested waves”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Noun

沖(おき)つ白(しら)波(なみ) • (oki tsu shiranami) 

  1. whitecaps of the offing
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 15, poem 3597:
      , text here
      和多都美能(わたつみの)於伎津之良奈美(おきつしらなみ)多知久良思(たちくらし)安麻乎等女等母(あまをとめども)思麻我久流見由(しまがくるみゆ) [Man'yōgana]
      わたつみの沖(おき)つ白波(しらなみ)立(た)ち来(く)らし海人(あま)娘子(をとめ)ども島(しま)隠(がく)る見(み)ゆ [Modern spelling]
      watatsumi no oki tsu shiranami tachi-kurashi ama-otome domo shima-gakuru miyu
      The white waves of the great ocean seem to rise up. The fisher-girl appear to be island-hidden.[1]
    • 1151, Shika Wakashū (book 10, poem 382; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 76)
      わたの原(はら)漕(こ)ぎ出(い)でてみれば久方(ひさかた)の雲(くも)居(ゐ)にまがふ沖(おき)つ白波(しらなみ)
      wata no hara kogi-idete mireba hisakata no kumoi ni magō oki tsu shiranami
      As I row out into the wide-sea plain and look all around me―the white waves of the offing could be mistaken for clouds![2]
  2. (poetry) a 序詞 (jokotoba), associated with the above meaning: (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    1. 立田山 (Tatsuta-yama, “Mount Tatsuta”), pun on 立つ (tatsu, “to stand”)
      • 905, Kokin Wakashū (book 18, poem 994; also Ise Monogatari, episode 23; Yamato Monogatari, episode 149)
        風(かぜ)吹(ふ)けば沖(おき)つ白波(しらなみ)たつた山(やま)夜半(よは)にや君(きみ)がひとり越(こ)ゆらむ
        kaze fukeba oki tsu shiranami Tatsuta-yama yowa ni ya kimi ga hitori koyu ran
        as the howling winds keep white waves in the offing in the deep of night is my lord crossing Tatsuta Mountain alone[3]
    2. 知らず (shirazu, “not knowing (about)”)
      • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 11, poem 2435:
        , text here
        淡海(あふみの)々(うみ)奥(おきつ)白浪(しらなみ)雖不知(しらずとも)妹所(いもがり)云(といはば)七(なぬ)日(か)越来(こえこむ) [Man'yōgana]
        近(あふ)江(み)の海(うみ)沖(おき)つ白波(しらなみ)知(し)らずとも妹(いも)がりといはば七(なぬ)日越(かこ)え来(こ)む [Modern spelling]
        Ōmi-no-umi oki tsu shiranami shirazu tomo imogari to iwaba nanuka koe kon
        Even if I don't know (where you live), sounding like the white waves in the offing of the sea, if you tell me (where) your house (is), (even if it would take me) seven days to cross (the hills), I will come![4]

References

  1. ^ Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1963) The Manyôśû Translated and Annotated Book XV, Leiden: Brill Archive (E.J. Brill), page 77
  2. ^ Joshua S. Mostow (1996) Pictures of the Heart: The Hyakunin Isshu in Word and Image, illustrated edition, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN, page 366
  3. ^ Laurel Rasplica Rodd, Mary Catherine Henkenius (1996) Kokinshū: A Collection of Poems Ancient and Modern (C&T Asian literature series), reprint edition, Cheng & Tsui, →ISBN, page 335
  4. ^ Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1960) The Manyôśû Translated and Annotated Book XI, Leiden: Brill Archive (E.J. Brill), page 77
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