ꠇꠤꠘꠣ

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Sylheti

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit क्रीणाति (krīṇāti), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *krináHti, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷrinéh₂ti, from *kʷreyh₂-. Compare Assamese কিন (kin), Bengali কেনা (kena), Nepali किन्नु (kinnu), Odia କିଣିବ (kiṇiba), Hindi कीनना (kīnnā).

Pronunciation

Verb

ꠇꠤꠘꠣ • (kina)

  1. buy, purchase
    ꠔꠣꠞꠣ ꠌꠣꠃꠟ ꠇꠤꠘꠔꠧ
    tara saul kinto
    They want to buy rice.

Conjugation

Impersonal of ꠇꠤꠘꠣ
Stem ꠇꠤꠘ
kin
Gerund ꠇꠤꠘꠣ
kina
Infinitive ꠇꠤꠘꠣ
kina
Goal ꠇꠤꠘꠣꠞ ꠟꠣꠉꠤ
kinar lagi
Agentive ꠇꠤꠘꠞꠣ ♂, ꠇꠤꠘꠞꠤ ♀
kinra ♂, kinri ♀
Converb ꠇꠤꠘꠔꠦ
kinte
Progressive participle ꠇꠤꠘꠔꠦ ꠇꠤꠘꠔꠦ
kinte kinte
Conditional participle ꠇꠤꠘꠟꠦ
kinle
Perfect participle ꠇꠤꠘꠤꠀ
kinia
Habitual participle ꠇꠤꠘꠤ ꠇꠤꠘꠤ
kini kini
Conjugation of ꠇꠤꠘꠣ
Person First person Second person Third person
Very faml.
&
Inferior 		Familiar Honorific Familiar
Singular ꠀꠝꠤ/ꠝꠥꠁ
ami/mui 		ꠔꠥꠁ
tui 		ꠔꠥꠝꠤ
tumi 		ꠀꠙꠘꠦ
afne 		ꠔꠣꠁꠘ
tain 		ꠢꠦ ♂, ꠔꠣꠁ ♀
he ♂, tai ♀
Plural ꠀꠝꠞꠣ
amra 		ꠔꠥꠝꠞꠣ
tumra 		ꠔꠥꠝꠤꠔꠣꠁꠘ
tumitain 		ꠀꠙꠘꠣꠞꠣ/ꠀꠙꠘꠣꠁꠘꠔꠦ
afnara/afnainte 		ꠔꠣꠁꠘꠔꠣꠁꠘ
taintain 		ꠔꠣꠞꠣ
tara
Present
Imperfective ꠇꠤꠘꠤ
kini 		ꠇꠤꠘꠌ
kinos 		ꠇꠤꠘꠧ
kino 		ꠇꠤꠘꠂꠘ
kinoin 		ꠇꠤꠘꠦ
kine
Continuous *ꠇꠤꠘꠤꠀꠞ / *ꠇꠤꠘꠤ ꠞꠣꠝ / *ꠇꠤꠘꠤꠔ ꠞꠣꠝ
*kiniar / *kini ram / *kinit ram 		ꠇꠤꠘꠞꠦ / ꠇꠤꠘꠞꠦ
kinre 		ꠇꠤꠘꠞꠣꠄ
kinrae 		ꠇꠤꠘꠞꠣ
kinra 		ꠇꠤꠘꠦꠞ
kiner
Perfective ꠇꠤꠘꠍꠤ
kinsi 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍꠌ
kinsos 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍꠧ
kinso 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍꠂꠘ
kinsoin 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍꠦ
kinse
Past
Recent ꠇꠤꠘꠟꠣꠝ
kinlam 		ꠇꠤꠘꠟꠦ
kinle 		ꠇꠤꠘꠟꠣꠄ
kinlae 		ꠇꠤꠘꠟꠣ
kinla 		ꠇꠤꠘꠟꠧ
kinlo
Distant ꠇꠤꠘꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠝ
kinslam 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍ꠆ꠟꠦ
kinsle 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍ꠆ꠟꠣꠄ
kinslae 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍ꠆ꠟꠣ
kinsla 		ꠇꠤꠘꠍꠤꠟ
kinsil
Continuous ꠇꠤꠘꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠣꠝ
kinat aslam 		ꠇꠤꠘꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠦ
kinat asle 		ꠇꠤꠘꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠣꠄ
kinat aslae 		ꠇꠤꠘꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠟꠣ
kinat asla 		ꠇꠤꠘꠣꠔ ꠀꠍꠤꠟ
kinat asil
Future
Indicative ꠇꠤꠘꠝꠥ
kinmu 		ꠇꠤꠘꠛꠦ
kinbe 		ꠇꠤꠘꠛꠣꠄ
kinbae 		ꠇꠤꠘꠛꠣ
kinba 		ꠇꠤꠘꠛꠧ
kinbo
Others
Imperative — ꠇꠤꠘ
kin 		ꠇꠤꠘꠧ
kino 		ꠇꠤꠘꠃꠇꠇꠣ
kinoukka 		{{{imp-3}}}
{{{imp-3-tr}}}
❋ Note 1: * = Dialectal
❋ Note 2: Sylheti is an ergative language. So the 3rd person nouns get the ergative suffix ꠄ (e), which is written with the vowel diacritic ꠦ (e) after a consonant.
❋ Note 3: There are many dialects of Sylheti. This is just one of those.
❋ Note 4: Click here to see other personal pronouns with grammatical cases.

References

  • Gwynn, Roger (2016) “kin-”, in Londoni Sylheti dictionary, Part I : Sylheti-English, Middletown, DE: Acre Press.
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