고약하다

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Korean

Etymology

고약 (goyak) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key):
  • Phonetic hangul:
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?goyakhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?goyaghada
McCune–Reischauer?koyakhada
Yale Romanization?kō.yak.hata

Adjective

고약하다 • (goyakhada) (infinitive 고약해 or 고약하여, sequential 고약하니)

  1. awful, nasty, foul
    그 값이 싸고 질이 나쁜 음식은 냄새가 고약했다.
    Geu gaps-i ssago jir-i nappeun eumsig-eun naemsae-ga goyak-haetda.
    The cheap and nasty food smelled awful.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 고약하다 (goyakhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체) 		Informal non-polite
(해체) 		Informal polite
(해요체) 		Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 고약하다
goyakhada 		고약해
goyakhae 		고약해요
goyakhaeyo 		고약합니다
goyakhamnida
Past 고약했다
goyakhaetda 		고약했어
goyakhaesseo 		고약했어요
goyakhaesseoyo 		고약했습니다
goyakhaetseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 고약하냐
goyakhanya 		고약해
goyakhae 		고약해요
goyakhaeyo 		고약합니까
goyakhamnikka
Past 고약했냐
goyakhaennya 		고약했어
goyakhaesseo 		고약했어요
goyakhaesseoyo 		고약했습니까
goyakhaetseumnikka
Assertive 고약하겠다
goyakhagetda		 고약하겠어
goyakhagesseo		 고약하겠어요
goyakhagesseoyo		 고약하겠습니다
goyakhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 고약해
goyakhae		 고약해서, 고약하여서
goyakhaeseo, goyakhayeoseo		 고약하니
goyakhani		 고약하니까
goyakhanikka
Contrast 고약하지만
goyakhajiman		 고약한데
goyakhande		 고약하더니
goyakhadeoni
Conjunction 고약하고
goyakhago
Condition 고약하면
goyakhamyeon		 고약해야, 고약하여야
goyakhaeya, goyakhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 고약함
goyakham		 고약하기
goyakhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns 고약했음, 고약하였음
goyakhaesseum, goyakhayeosseum		 고약했기, 고약하였기
goyakhaetgi, goyakhayeotgi
Determiners Present 고약한
goyakhan
Future 고약할
goyakhal


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 고약하시다
goyakhasida 		고약하셔
goyakhasyeo 		고약하세요, 고약하셔요
goyakhaseyo, goyakhasyeoyo 		고약하십니다
goyakhasimnida
Past 고약하셨다
goyakhasyeotda 		고약하셨어
goyakhasyeosseo 		고약하셨어요
goyakhasyeosseoyo 		고약하셨습니다
goyakhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 고약하시냐
goyakhasinya 		고약하셔
goyakhasyeo 		고약하세요, 고약하셔요
goyakhaseyo, goyakhasyeoyo 		고약하십니까
goyakhasimnikka
Past 고약하셨냐
goyakhasyeonnya 		고약하셨어
goyakhasyeosseo 		고약하셨어요
goyakhasyeosseoyo 		고약하셨습니까
goyakhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive 고약하시겠다
goyakhasigetda		 고약하시겠어
goyakhasigesseo		 고약하시겠어요
goyakhasigesseoyo		 고약하시겠습니다
goyakhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 고약하셔
goyakhasyeo		 고약하셔서
goyakhasyeoseo		 고약하시니
goyakhasini		 고약하시니까
goyakhasinikka
Contrast 고약하시지만
goyakhasijiman		 고약하신데
goyakhasinde		 고약하시더니
goyakhasideoni
Conjunction 고약하시고
goyakhasigo
Condition 고약하시면
goyakhasimyeon		 고약하셔야
goyakhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 고약하심
goyakhasim		 고약하시기
goyakhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 고약하셨음
goyakhasyeosseum		 고약하셨기
goyakhasyeotgi
Determiners Present 고약하신
goyakhasin
Future 고약하실
goyakhasil
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