First attested in the Gugeupbang eonhae (救急方諺解 / 구급방언해), 1466, as Middle Korean ᄃᆞᄆᆞ다〮 (Yale: tòmò-tá).
In Middle Korean, the word had two allomorphs, surfacing as ᄃᆞᄆᆞ (Yale: tòmò-) when followed by a consonant-initial verb ending and as ᄃᆞᇚ (Yale: tòmk-) when followed by a vowel-initial verb ending.
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | damgeuda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | damgeuda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tamgŭda |
| Yale Romanization? | tamkuta |
담그다 • (damgeuda) (infinitive 담가, sequential 담그니) (transitive)
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 담근다 damgeunda |
담가 damga |
담가요 damgayo |
담급니다 damgeumnida |
| Past | 담갔다 damgatda |
담갔어 damgasseo |
담갔어요 damgasseoyo |
담갔습니다 damgatseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 담그느냐 damgeuneunya |
담가 damga |
담가요 damgayo |
담급니까 damgeumnikka |
| Past | 담갔느냐 damganneunya |
담갔어 damgasseo |
담갔어요 damgasseoyo |
담갔습니까 damgatseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 담그자 damgeuja |
담가 damga |
담가요 damgayo |
담그십시다 damgeusipsida | |
| Imperative | 담가라 damgara |
담가 damga |
담가요 damgayo |
담급시오 damgeupsio | |
| Assertive | 담그겠다 damgeugetda |
담그겠어 damgeugesseo |
담그겠어요 damgeugesseoyo |
담그겠습니다 damgeugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 담가 damga |
담가서 damgaseo |
담그니 damgeuni |
담그니까 damgeunikka | |
| Contrast | 담그지만 damgeujiman |
담그는데 damgeuneunde |
담그더니 damgeudeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 담그고 damgeugo |
||||
| Condition | 담그면 damgeumyeon |
담가야 damgaya |
|||
| Motive | 담그려고 damgeuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 담금 damgeum |
담그기 damgeugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 담갔음 damgasseum |
담갔기 damgatgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 담근 damgeun | |||
| Present | 담그는 damgeuneun | ||||
| Future | 담글 damgeul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 담그신다 damgeusinda |
담그셔 damgeusyeo |
담그세요, 담그셔요 damgeuseyo, damgeusyeoyo |
담그십니다 damgeusimnida |
| Past | 담그셨다 damgeusyeotda |
담그셨어 damgeusyeosseo |
담그셨어요 damgeusyeosseoyo |
담그셨습니다 damgeusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 담그시느냐 damgeusineunya |
담그셔 damgeusyeo |
담그세요, 담그셔요 damgeuseyo, damgeusyeoyo |
담그십니까 damgeusimnikka |
| Past | 담그셨느냐 damgeusyeonneunya |
담그셨어 damgeusyeosseo |
담그셨어요 damgeusyeosseoyo |
담그셨습니까 damgeusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 담그시라 damgeusira |
담그셔 damgeusyeo |
담그세요 damgeuseyo |
담그십시오 damgeusipsio | |
| Assertive | 담그시겠다 damgeusigetda |
담그시겠어 damgeusigesseo |
담그시겠어요 damgeusigesseoyo |
담그시겠습니다 damgeusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 담그셔 damgeusyeo |
담그셔서 damgeusyeoseo |
담그시니 damgeusini |
담그시니까 damgeusinikka | |
| Contrast | 담그시지만 damgeusijiman |
담그시는데 damgeusineunde |
담그시더니 damgeusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 담그시고 damgeusigo |
||||
| Condition | 담그시면 damgeusimyeon |
담그셔야 damgeusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 담그시려고 damgeusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 담그심 damgeusim |
담그시기 damgeusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 담그셨음 damgeusyeosseum |
담그셨기 damgeusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 담그신 damgeusin | |||
| Present | 담그시는 damgeusineun | ||||
| Future | 담그실 damgeusil | ||||