𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺
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Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Sanskrit आक्षे॑ति (ā́kṣeti), from आ- (ā-) + क्षेति॑ (kṣéti). Cognate with Pali acchati.
Alternative etymologies
Turner[1] lists and rejects several other etymologies that have been suggested over the years:
- Sanskrit आस्था (āsthā, “to stand, remain”, root), from आ- (ā-) + स्था (sthā, “to stand”).
- Sanskrit गच्छति (gacchati, “to go”) with loss of the initial g-.
- Sanskrit ऋच्छति (ṛcchati, “to go, move”).
- Sanskrit आस् (ās, “to sit”, root) extended with Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti or an unattested future verb.
- Sanskrit अस् (as, “to be, exist”, root) extended with Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti or an unattested future verb.
Verb
𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (achati /acchati/)
Alternative forms
Attested at Girnar.
| Dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (“to exist, dwell in”) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | 𐨀𐨐𐨿𐨮𐨟𐨁 (akṣati) | |
| West | Girnar | 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (achati) | 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 /acchati/ (achati) |
| Map of dialectal forms of 𑀅𑀙𑀢𑀺 (“to exist, dwell in”) | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
Descendants
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: چھُ (chu, “(I) am”, 1sg.pres)
- Prakrit: 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀇 (acchaï), 𑀅𑀘𑁆𑀙𑀤𑀺 (acchadi) — Śaurasenī, 𑀅𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (akkhaï) — Paiśācī, 𑀳𑁄𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀇 (hŏkkhaï) — Māgadhī (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Turner, R L (1936) “Sanskrit "ā́-kṣeti" and Pali "acchati" in Modern Indo-Aryan”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, volume 8, numbers 2/3 (Indian and Iranian Studies: Presented to George Abraham Grierson on His Eighty-Fifth Birthday), pages 795—812
Further reading
- Sen, Sukumar (1960) A Comparative Grammar of Middle Indo-Aryan, Linguistic Society of India, page 47.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “ā́kṣēti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 46