𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺
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Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Sanskrit वर्ध॑ति (várdhati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwárdʰati.
Verb
𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati /vaḍḍhati/)[1]
- to increase, grow
- c. 304 BCE – 232 BCE, Aśoka, Major Pillar Edict 4 Delhi-Topra.19-20:
- 𑀚𑀦𑀲 𑀘 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀺𑀥𑁂 𑀥𑀁𑀫𑀘𑀮𑀦𑁂 𑀲𑀁𑀬𑀫𑁂 𑀤𑀸𑀦𑀲𑀯𑀺𑀪𑀸𑀕𑁂 𑀢𑀺
- janasa ca vaḍhati vividhe dhaṃmacalane saṃyame dānasavibhāge ti
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch[2]
- And various moral practices, self-control and the distribution of gifts are (thus) promoted among the people.
- 𑀚𑀦𑀲 𑀘 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀺𑀥𑁂 𑀥𑀁𑀫𑀘𑀮𑀦𑁂 𑀲𑀁𑀬𑀫𑁂 𑀤𑀸𑀦𑀲𑀯𑀺𑀪𑀸𑀕𑁂 𑀢𑀺
Conjugation
| Personal forms of 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| present | — | — | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 vaḍhati |
— | — | — |
| imperative | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| potential | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| aorist | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| future | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Alternative forms
Attested at Allahabad-Kosambi, Delhi-Meerut, Delhi-Topra, Lauriya-Araraj, Lauriya-Nandangarh and Rampurva.
| Dialectal forms of 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (“to increase”) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Delhi-Topra | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (vaḍhati) |
| Delhi-Meerut | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (vaḍhati) | |
| Rampurva | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (vaḍhati) | |
| Lauriya-Nandangarh | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (vaḍhati) | |
| Lauriya-Araraj | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (vaḍhati) | |
| Allahabad-Kosambi | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) | 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (vaḍhati) | |
| Map of dialectal forms of 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (“to increase”) | ||
|---|---|---|
 𑀯𑀠𑀢𑀺 (vaḍhati) (6) | ||
Descendants
- Prakrit: 𑀯𑀟𑁆𑀠𑀇 (vaḍḍhaï) (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “várdhatē”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 663
- ^ Hultzsch, E (1925) Inscriptions of Aśoka (new edition), in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, volume 1, Oxford: Clarendon Press.