-ű

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word -ű. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word -ű, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say -ű in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word -ű you have here. The definition of the word -ű will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of-ű, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
See also: Appendix:Variations of "u"

Hungarian

Etymology

First attested in c. 1350. Of the same origin as the -ó/-ő diminutive suffix. Later it split from the latter as an adjective-forming suffix meaning “possessing something”. Originally, the variants occurred equally both as a diminutive suffix and as an adjective-forming suffix. This mix of forms resulted in a division of senses.[1]

Pronunciation

Suffix

-ű

  1. (adjective-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an adjective denoting possession or similarity. It is used only in parasynthetic compounds, requiring a preceding adjective or a compound structure. Similar in function to English -ed.
    hét (“seven”) + fej (“head”) → hétfejű sárkány (“seven-headed dragon”)
    jó szív (“kind heart”) → kind-hearted
    darázsderekú (“wasp-waisted”)
  2. (obsolete present-participle suffix) Found today only in a few words such as gyönyörű (“beautiful”, adjective), fésű (“comb”, noun), sűrű (“thick”, adjective).

Usage notes

  • (adjective-forming suffix): Variants:
    -ú is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ű is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -jú is added to back-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    -jű is added to front-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
  • (present-participle suffix) Variants:
    -ó is added to back-vowel verbs
    -ő is added to front-vowel verbs
    -ú is added to back-vowel verbs, obsolete
    homorú, nyomorú, szigorú
    -ű is added to front-vowel verbs, obsolete
    keserű, seprű

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front rounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative -ű -űek
accusative -űt -űeket
dative -űnek -űeknek
instrumental -űvel -űekkel
causal-final -űért -űekért
translative -űvé -űekké
terminative -űig -űekig
essive-formal -űként -űekként
essive-modal — —
inessive -űben -űekben
superessive -űn -űeken
adessive -űnél -űeknél
illative -űbe -űekbe
sublative -űre -űekre
allative -űhöz -űekhez
elative -űből -űekből
delative -űről -űekről
ablative -űtől -űektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		-űé -űeké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		-űéi -űekéi

Derived terms

Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -ű

See also

References

  1. ^ -ű in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia