-ған

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Kazakh

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *-gan.

Suffix

-ған (-ğan)

  1. Used to form past participles from verbs.
    бару (baru, to go) + ‎-ған (-ğan) → ‎барған (barğan, which went)
  2. Used to form past perfect tense.
    Ол былтыр көшкен.
    Ol byltyr köşken.
    He moved last year.

Usage notes

  • Colloquially, the suffix and the first person ending can get contracted:
    Барғанмын → Барғам
    Көргенмін → Көргем
  • The most common to negate the verb in the past perfect tense is to add жоқ (joq) after it.
    Барғанмын → Барған жоқпын