| Newest and oldest pages |
|---|
| Newest pages ordered by last category link update: |
| Oldest pages ordered by last edit: |
Verbs where the ablaut vowel was followed by a sonorant (m, n, l, r) but no other consonant in Proto-Indo-European.
The fourth class of Dutch strong verbs is rather small with respect to the number of roots, is characterized by a vowel length change between the singular /-ɑ-/ and plural /-aː-/ forms of the past tense. A small group of the verbs in the fourth class have replaced the past tense vowel with the /oː/ of the past participle. The class contains one irregular root komen, its present tense vowel was influenced by a preceding w, which was subsequently lost. The etymological w is retained in the past.
The paradigms are:
| Form | Regular | Anomalous | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Generalized -oː- | komen | ||
| Present tense | /-eː-/ breken | /-eː-/ scheren | /-oː-/ komen |
| Past tense singular | /-ɑ-/ brak | /-oː-/ schoor | /-ɑ-/ kwam |
| Past tense plural | /-aː-/ braken | /-oː-/ schoren | /-aː-/ kwamen |
| Past participle | /-oː-/ gebroken | /-oː-/ geschoren | /-oː-/ gekomen |