Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/wárˀnāˀ

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wornéh₂, from *wer- (“to burn, be black”), with accent retraction due to Hirt's law. Jasanoff reconstructs *wṓrneh₂ (“belonging to raven, (female) raven-like bird”) as a vṛddhi derivative of *wornós (“raven”) and explains the acute first syllable as regularly resulting from the long vṛddhi vowel.

Noun

*wárˀnāˀ f

crow

Inflection

Declension of *wárˀnāˀ (ā-stem, fixed accent)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*wárˀnāˀ	*wárˀnāiˀ	*wárˀnās
Accusative	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾n	*wárˀnāiˀ	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾ns
Genitive	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾s	*wárˀnāu⁽ˀ⁾	*wárˀnōn
Locative	*wárˀnāiˀ	*wárˀnāu⁽ˀ⁾	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾su
Dative	*wárˀnāi	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾mā⁽ˀ⁾	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾mas
Instrumental	*wárˀnāˀn	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾māˀ	*wárˀnā⁽ˀ⁾mīˀs
Vocative	*wárˀna	*wárˀnāiˀ	*wárˀnās

Descendants

East Baltic:
- Latgalian: vuorna
- Latvian: vãrna
- Lithuanian: várna
West Baltic:
- Old Prussian: warne
Proto-Slavic: *vòrna (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Jay Jasanoff (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent, BRILL, →ISBN, §3.2.2, page 79
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vòrna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 528: “BSl. *wórʔnaʔ”
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “varna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 490: “BSL *wórʔnaʔ”
^ Balto-Slavic Mobility as an Indo-European Problem, J. Jasanoff

[1] Jay Jasanoff (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent, BRILL, →ISBN, §3.2.2, page 79

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vòrna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 528: “BSl. *wórʔnaʔ”

[3] Derksen, Rick (2015) “varna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 490: “BSL *wórʔnaʔ”

[4] Balto-Slavic Mobility as an Indo-European Problem, J. Jasanoff