Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/wargás

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

Disputed; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European:

*Hworgʰ-o-s, from *Hwergʰ- (“to commit a crime”), and cognate with Proto-Germanic *wargaz (“felon; wolf”), Hittite (/⁠hurkil⁠/, “sin”), Tocharian B (/⁠wārṣṣe)⁠/, “bandit”);^[1]
*(h₁)werg- (“to track, hunt”), and cognate with Proto-Germanic *wrekaną (“to pursue, drive out”);^[2]^[3]
or *werg- (“to suffer”), cognate with Proto-Germanic *warkiz (“pain, ache”).^[4]

Noun

*wargás m^[5]

foe, enemy

Inflection

Declension of *wargás (o-stem, mobile accent)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*wargás	*wárgōˀ	*wargái⁽ˀ⁾
Accusative	*wárgan	*wárgōˀ	*wárgō⁽ˀ⁾ns
Genitive	*wárgā	*wargā́u⁽ˀ⁾	*wargṓn
Locative	*wárgai	*wargā́u⁽ˀ⁾	*wargáišu
Dative	*wárgōi	*wargámā⁽ˀ⁾	*wargámas
Instrumental	*wárgōˀ	*wargámāˀ	*wargṓis
Vocative	*wárge	*wárgōˀ	*wargái⁽ˀ⁾

Descendants

East Baltic:
- Latvian: vā̀rgs
- Lithuanian: var̃gas, vargùs
West Baltic:
- Old Prussian: wargs, wargan (accusative singular)
Proto-Slavic: *vȏrgъ (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 277
^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vorgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527: “BSl. *worʔgós”
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “vargus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 489: “BSL *worʔgos”
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*warki-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 574-575
^ Nikolajev, S. L. (2012) “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura‎ (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 89

[1] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 277

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vorgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527: “BSl. *worʔgós”

[3] Derksen, Rick (2015) “vargus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 489: “BSL *worʔgos”

[4] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*warki-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 574-575

[5] Nikolajev, S. L. (2012) “Vostočnoslavjanskije refleksy akcentnoj paradigmy d i indojevropejskije sootvetstvija slavjanskim akcentnym tipam suščestvitelʹnyx mužskovo roda s o- i u-osnovami*”, in Karpato-balkanskij dialektnyj landšaft: Jazyk i kulʹtura‎ (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 89

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