Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸarsketi

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pr̥sḱéti.[1]

Verb

*ɸarsketi

  1. to ask, to plead

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *ɸarskū *ɸarskemam *ɸibrixsū *ɸebroka
2nd singular *ɸarskesi *ɸarsketās *ɸibrixsesi *ɸebrokas?
3rd singular *ɸarsketi *ɸarsketo *ɸibrixseti *ɸebroke
1st plural *ɸarskomosi *ɸarskemo *ɸibrixsomosi *ɸebrokmo
2nd plural *ɸarsketesi *ɸarskestē *ɸibrixsetesi *ɸebroxte
3rd plural *ɸarskonti *ɸarskento *ɸibrixsonti *ɸebrokars
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *ɸrexsū ? —
2nd singular *ɸrexsesi ? *ɸarske
3rd singular *ɸrexseti ? *ɸarsketou
1st plural *ɸrexsomosi ? *ɸarskomos
2nd plural *ɸrexsetesi ? *ɸarskete
3rd plural *ɸrexsonti ? *ɸarskontou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *ɸarskūr — *ɸibrixsūr *ɸebrokra
2nd singular *ɸarsketar — *ɸibrixsetar *ɸebrokras?
3rd singular *ɸarsketor ? *ɸibrixsetor *ɸebrokre
1st plural *ɸarskommor — *ɸibrixsommor ?
2nd plural *ɸarskedwe — *ɸibrixsedwe ?
3rd plural *ɸarskontor ? *ɸibrixsontor ?
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *ɸrexsūr — —
2nd singular *ɸrexsetar — —
3rd singular *ɸrexsetor — —
1st plural *ɸrexsommor — —
2nd plural *ɸrexsedwe — —
3rd plural *ɸrexsontor — —
Declension of the present participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *ɸarskonts *ɸarskonte *ɸarskontes
vocative *ɸarskonts *ɸarskonte *ɸarskontes
accusative *ɸarskontam *ɸarskonte *ɸarskontans
genitive *ɸarskantos *? *ɸarskantom
dative *ɸarskantei *ɸarskantbom *ɸarskantbos
instrumental *ɸarskantī? *ɸarskantbim *ɸarskantbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *ɸarskantī *ɸarskantī *ɸarskantiyās
vocative *ɸarskantī *ɸarskantī *ɸarskantiyās
accusative *ɸarskantīm *ɸarskantī *ɸarskantiyans
genitive *ɸarskantyās *? *ɸarskantyom
dative *ɸarskantyāi *ɸarskantyābom *ɸarskantyābos
instrumental *? *ɸarskantyābim *ɸarskantyābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *ɸarskont *? *ɸarskonta
vocative *ɸarskont *? *ɸarskonta
accusative *ɸarskont *? *ɸarskonta
genitive *ɸarskantos *? *ɸarskantom
dative *ɸarskantei *? *ɸarskantbos
instrumental *ɸarskantī? *? *ɸarskantbis

Descendants

  • Brythonic: *ėrxɨd (secondarily transferred to the ī-verbs)
    • Middle Breton: archaff
    • Cornish: erghi
    • Old Welsh: erchim (verbal noun), ercit (imperative), rit·ercis (3sg. perf.)
  • Old Irish: arcu

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 125
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