Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/anketi

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/annketi

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”).

Verb

*anketi

  1. to bend
  2. to be inclined to

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *ankū *ankemam *īnxsū *ānka
2nd singular *ankesi *anketās *īnxsesi *ānkas?
3rd singular *anketi *anketo *īnxseti *ānke
1st plural *ankomosi *ankemo *īnxsomosi *ānkmo
2nd plural *anketesi *ankestē *īnxsetesi *ānxte
3rd plural *ankonti *ankento *īnxsonti *ānkars
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *anxsū ? —
2nd singular *anxsesi ? *anke
3rd singular *anxseti ? *anketou
1st plural *anxsomosi ? *ankomos
2nd plural *anxsetesi ? *ankete
3rd plural *anxsonti ? *ankontou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *ankūr — *īnxsūr *ānkra
2nd singular *anketar — *īnxsetar *ānkras?
3rd singular *anketor ? *īnxsetor *ānkre
1st plural *ankommor — *īnxsommor ?
2nd plural *ankedwe — *īnxsedwe ?
3rd plural *ankontor ? *īnxsontor ?
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *anxsūr — —
2nd singular *anxsetar — —
3rd singular *anxsetor — —
1st plural *anxsommor — —
2nd plural *anxsedwe — —
3rd plural *anxsontor — —
Declension of the present participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *ankonts *ankonte *ankontes
vocative *ankonts *ankonte *ankontes
accusative *ankontam *ankonte *ankontans
genitive *ankantos *? *ankantom
dative *ankantei *ankantbom *ankantbos
instrumental *ankantī? *ankantbim *ankantbis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *ankantī *ankantī *ankantiyās
vocative *ankantī *ankantī *ankantiyās
accusative *ankantīm *ankantī *ankantiyans
genitive *ankantyās *? *ankantyom
dative *ankantyāi *ankantyābom *ankantyābos
instrumental *? *ankantyābim *ankantyābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *ankont *? *ankonta
vocative *ankont *? *ankonta
accusative *ankont *? *ankonta
genitive *ankantos *? *ankantom
dative *ankantei *? *ankantbos
instrumental *ankantī? *? *ankantbis
Declension of the middle participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *ankomnos *ankomnou *ankomnoi
vocative *ankomne *ankomnou *ankomnoi
accusative *ankomnom *ankomnou *ankomnons
genitive *ankomnī *ankomnous *ankomnom
dative *ankomnūi *ankomnobom *ankomnobos
instrumental *ankomnū *ankomnobim *ankomnobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *ankomnā *ankomnai *ankomnās
vocative *ankomnā *ankomnai *ankomnās
accusative *ankomnam *ankomnai *ankomnans
genitive *ankomnās *ankomnous *ankomnom
dative *ankomnai *ankomnābom *ankomnābos
instrumental *? *ankomnābim *ankomnābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *ankomnom *ankomnou *ankomnā
vocative *ankomnom *ankomnou *ankomnā
accusative *ankomnom *ankomnou *ankomnā
genitive *ankomnī *ankomnous *ankomnom
dative *ankomnūi *ankomnobom *ankomnobos
instrumental *ankomnū *ankomnobim *ankomnobis
Declension of the past participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *anxtos *anxtou *anxtoi
vocative *anxte *anxtou *anxtoi
accusative *anxtom *anxtou *anxtons
genitive *anxtī *anxtous *anxtom
dative *anxtūi *anxtobom *anxtobos
instrumental *anxtū *anxtobim *anxtobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *anxtā *anxtai *anxtās
vocative *anxtā *anxtai *anxtās
accusative *anxtam *anxtai *anxtans
genitive *anxtās *anxtous *anxtom
dative *anxtai *anxtābom *anxtābos
instrumental *? *anxtābim *anxtābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *anxtom *anxtou *anxtā
vocative *anxtom *anxtou *anxtā
accusative *anxtom *anxtou *anxtā
genitive *anxtī *anxtous *anxtom
dative *anxtūi *anxtobom *anxtobos
instrumental *anxtū *anxtobim *anxtobis

Derived terms

  • *dī-anketi (“to flee”)
    • Middle Cornish: dyankaf (1sg present)
    • Middle Welsh: dieinc (3sg pres)
  • *de-uɸo-tri-ānk- (preterite formation)

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *ėnkɨd
    • Middle Welsh: engi (“to escape, give birth, produce”)

References

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 207-209
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