Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/balnīti

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelh₁- (“to throw”), with an original meaning "throw (it away)" becoming a euphemism for death in Celtic.[1] The -n-is from the nasal infix *-né-.

Verb

*balnīti

  1. to die

Inflection

Athematic h₁-root nasal-infix present, t-preterite
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *balnīmi *balnamam *biblāsū *bilam
2nd singular *balnīsi *balnatās *biblāsesi *bils
3rd singular *balnīti *balnato *biblāseti *bilt
1st plural *balnamosi *balnamo *biblāsomosi *bilme
2nd plural *balnatesi *balnastē *biblāsetesi *bilte
3rd plural *balnenti *balnanto *biblāsonti *bilant
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *belasū ? —
2nd singular *belasesi ? *balnī
3rd singular *belaseti ? *balnītou
1st plural *belasomosi ? *balnamos
2nd plural *belasetesi ? *balnate
3rd plural *belasonti ? *balnentou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *balnīr — *biblāsūr —
2nd singular *balnītar — *biblāsetar —
3rd singular *balnītor ? *biblāsetor —
1st plural *balnammor — *biblāsommor —
2nd plural *balnadwe — *biblāsedwe —
3rd plural *balnentor ? *biblāsontor —
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *belasūr — —
2nd singular *belasetar — —
3rd singular *belasetor — —
1st plural *belasommor — —
2nd plural *belasedwe — —
3rd plural *belasontor — —

Derived terms

  • *ad-balnīti
    • Middle Welsh: aballu
  • *exs-balnīti
  • *kom-balnīti

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic:
    • Middle Welsh: ballwyf (1sg. subjunctive)

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*bal-ni-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 53
  2. ^ Martínez-Chico, David, Prósper, Blanca María (2021) “A new Celtiberian tessera in the Latin alphabet from Virovesca (Briviesca, Burgos) and the typology of tesserae hospitales”, in Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, volume 68, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, page 186
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