Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/dringeti

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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dregʰ- (to hold, fasten). Cognate with Russian держа́ть (deržátʹ, to hold).

Verb

*dringeti

  1. to climb
  2. to advance

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *dringū *dringemam *didrixsū *dedroga
2nd singular *dringesi *dringetās *didrixsesi *dedrogas?
3rd singular *dringeti *dringeto *didrixseti *dedroge
1st plural *dringomosi *dringemo *didrixsomosi *dedrogmo
2nd plural *dringetesi *dringestē *didrixsetesi *dedroxte
3rd plural *dringonti *dringento *didrixsonti *dedrogars
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *drexsū ?
2nd singular *drexsesi ? *dringe
3rd singular *drexseti ? *dringetou
1st plural *drexsomosi ? *dringomos
2nd plural *drexsetesi ? *dringete
3rd plural *drexsonti ? *dringontou
Passive voice
Present Imperfect Future Preterite
1st singular *dringūr *didrixsūr *dedrogra
2nd singular *dringetar *didrixsetar *dedrogras?
3rd singular *dringetor ? *didrixsetor *dedrogre
1st plural *dringommor *didrixsommor ?
2nd plural *dringedwe *didrixsedwe ?
3rd plural *dringontor ? *didrixsontor ?
Pres. subjunctive Past subjunctive Imperative
1st singular *drexsūr
2nd singular *drexsetar
3rd singular *drexsetor
1st plural *drexsommor
2nd plural *drexsedwe
3rd plural *drexsontor
Declension of the past participle
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *drixtos *drixtou *drixtoi
vocative *drixte *drixtou *drixtoi
accusative *drixtom *drixtou *drixtoms
genitive *drixtī *drixtous *drixtom
dative *drixtūi *drixtobom *drixtobos
instrumental *drixtū *drixtobim *drixtobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *drixtā *drixtai *drixtās
vocative *drixtā *drixtai *drixtās
accusative *drixtam *drixtai *drixtams
genitive *drixtās *drixtous *drixtom
dative *drixtai *drixtābom *drixtābos
instrumental *? *drixtābim *drixtābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *drixtom *drixtou *drixtā
vocative *drixtom *drixtou *drixtā
accusative *drixtom *drixtou *drixtā
genitive *drixtī *drixtous *drixtom
dative *drixtūi *drixtobom *drixtobos
instrumental *drixtū *drixtobim *drixtobis

Descendants

  • Old Irish: dringid
    • Middle Irish: dringid
    • Irish: dréim (from the verbal noun)

References

  • Corrected and Revised Ranko Matasović’s Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Brill, Leiden 2009)