Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kaxtos

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 This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ptós (“grabbed”).

Adjective

*kaxtos

  1. captive, bound
Inflection
O/ā-stem
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *kaxtos *kaxtou *kaxtoi
vocative *kaxte *kaxtou *kaxtoi
accusative *kaxtom *kaxtou *kaxtoms
genitive *kaxtī *kaxtous *kaxtom
dative *kaxtūi *kaxtobom *kaxtobos
instrumental *kaxtū *kaxtobim *kaxtobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *kaxtā *kaxtai *kaxtās
vocative *kaxtā *kaxtai *kaxtās
accusative *kaxtam *kaxtai *kaxtams
genitive *kaxtās *kaxtous *kaxtom
dative *kaxtai *kaxtābom *kaxtābos
instrumental *? *kaxtābim *kaxtābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *kaxtom *kaxtou *kaxtā
vocative *kaxtom *kaxtou *kaxtā
accusative *kaxtom *kaxtou *kaxtā
genitive *kaxtī *kaxtous *kaxtom
dative *kaxtūi *kaxtobom *kaxtobos
instrumental *kaxtū *kaxtobim *kaxtobis
Descendants
  • Proto-Brythonic: *kaɨθ
    • Breton: kaezh
    • Cornish: keth
    • Welsh: caeth

Etymology 2

See main entry.

Noun

*kaxtos m

  1. captive, slave, servant
Inflection
Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *kaxtos *kaxtou *kaxtoi
vocative *kaxte *kaxtou *kaxtūs
accusative *kaxtom *kaxtou *kaxtoms
genitive *kaxtī *kaxtous *kaxtom
dative *kaxtūi *kaxtobom *kaxtobos
locative *kaxtei *? *?
instrumental *kaxtū *kaxtobim *kaxtūis
Descendants

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kaxto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 197
  2. ^ Koch, John (2004) “*kaxto-”, in English–Proto-Celtic Word-list with attested comparanda‎, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, page 57
  3. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “caxtos”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 112
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