Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/reteti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- (“to run, roll”).
Verb
- to run
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *retū | *retemam | *retsū | *rāta |
| 2nd singular | *retesi | *retetās | *retsesi | *rātas? |
| 3rd singular | *reteti | *reteto | *retseti | *rāte |
| 1st plural | *retomosi | *retemo | *retsomosi | *rātmo |
| 2nd plural | *retetesi | *retestē | *retsetesi | *rāsse |
| 3rd plural | *retonti | *retento | *retsonti | *rātars |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *retsū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *retsesi | ? | *rete | |
| 3rd singular | *retseti | ? | *retetou | |
| 1st plural | *retsomosi | ? | *retomos | |
| 2nd plural | *retsetesi | ? | *retete | |
| 3rd plural | *retsonti | ? | *retontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *retūr | — | *retsūr | *rātra |
| 2nd singular | *retetar | — | *retsetar | *rātras? |
| 3rd singular | *retetor | ? | *retsetor | *rātre |
| 1st plural | *retommor | — | *retsommor | ? |
| 2nd plural | *retedwe | — | *retsedwe | ? |
| 3rd plural | *retontor | ? | *retsontor | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *retsūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *retsetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *retsetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *retsommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *retsedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *retsontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the present participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *retonts | *retonte | *retontes |
| vocative | *retonts | *retonte | *retontes |
| accusative | *retontam | *retonte | *retontans |
| genitive | *retantos | *? | *retantom |
| dative | *retantei | *retantbom | *retantbos |
| instrumental | *retantī? | *retantbim | *retantbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *retantī | *retantī | *retantiyās |
| vocative | *retantī | *retantī | *retantiyās |
| accusative | *retantīm | *retantī | *retantiyans |
| genitive | *retantyās | *? | *retantyom |
| dative | *retantyāi | *retantyābom | *retantyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *retantyābim | *retantyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *retont | *? | *retonta |
| vocative | *retont | *? | *retonta |
| accusative | *retont | *? | *retonta |
| genitive | *retantos | *? | *retantom |
| dative | *retantei | *? | *retantbos |
| instrumental | *retantī? | *? | *retantbis |
| Declension of the middle participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *retomnos | *retomnou | *retomnoi |
| vocative | *retomne | *retomnou | *retomnoi |
| accusative | *retomnom | *retomnou | *retomnons |
| genitive | *retomnī | *retomnous | *retomnom |
| dative | *retomnūi | *retomnobom | *retomnobos |
| instrumental | *retomnū | *retomnobim | *retomnobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *retomnā | *retomnai | *retomnās |
| vocative | *retomnā | *retomnai | *retomnās |
| accusative | *retomnam | *retomnai | *retomnans |
| genitive | *retomnās | *retomnous | *retomnom |
| dative | *retomnai | *retomnābom | *retomnābos |
| instrumental | *? | *retomnābim | *retomnābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *retomnom | *retomnou | *retomnā |
| vocative | *retomnom | *retomnou | *retomnā |
| accusative | *retomnom | *retomnou | *retomnā |
| genitive | *retomnī | *retomnous | *retomnom |
| dative | *retomnūi | *retomnobom | *retomnobos |
| instrumental | *retomnū | *retomnobim | *retomnobis |
Derived terms
- *kom-to-ɸare-uss-ressom (“incursion”)
- Old Irish: comthururas
Descendants
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ret-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 310