Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/suweti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁-. Cognate to Sanskrit सुवति (suvati).
Verb
*suweti
- to turn
Inflection
The verb has since lost strong inflection in the daughter languages.
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *suwū | *suwemam | *sisūsū | *sesowa |
| 2nd singular | *suwesi | *suwetās | *sisūsesi | *sesowas? |
| 3rd singular | *suweti | *suweto | *sisūseti | *sesowe |
| 1st plural | *suwomosi | *suwemo | *sisūsomosi | *sesowmo |
| 2nd plural | *suwetesi | *suwestē | *sisūsetesi | *sesowe |
| 3rd plural | *suwonti | *suwento | *sisūsonti | *sesowars |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *sowasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *sowasesi | ? | *suwe | |
| 3rd singular | *sowaseti | ? | *suwetou | |
| 1st plural | *sowasomosi | ? | *suwomos | |
| 2nd plural | *sowasetesi | ? | *suwete | |
| 3rd plural | *sowasonti | ? | *suwontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *suwūr | — | *sisūsūr | *sesowra |
| 2nd singular | *suwetar | — | *sisūsetar | *sesowras? |
| 3rd singular | *suwetor | ? | *sisūsetor | *sesowre |
| 1st plural | *suwommor | — | *sisūsommor | ? |
| 2nd plural | *suwedwe | — | *sisūsedwe | ? |
| 3rd plural | *suwontor | ? | *sisūsontor | ? |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *sowasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *sowasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *sowasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *sowasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *sowasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *sowasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the present participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suwonts | *suwonte | *suwontes |
| vocative | *suwonts | *suwonte | *suwontes |
| accusative | *suwontam | *suwonte | *suwontans |
| genitive | *suwantos | *? | *suwantom |
| dative | *suwantei | *suwantbom | *suwantbos |
| instrumental | *suwantī? | *suwantbim | *suwantbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suwantī | *suwantī | *suwantiyās |
| vocative | *suwantī | *suwantī | *suwantiyās |
| accusative | *suwantīm | *suwantī | *suwantiyans |
| genitive | *suwantyās | *? | *suwantyom |
| dative | *suwantyāi | *suwantyābom | *suwantyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *suwantyābim | *suwantyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suwont | *? | *suwonta |
| vocative | *suwont | *? | *suwonta |
| accusative | *suwont | *? | *suwonta |
| genitive | *suwantos | *? | *suwantom |
| dative | *suwantei | *? | *suwantbos |
| instrumental | *suwantī? | *? | *suwantbis |
| Declension of the middle participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suwomnos | *suwomnou | *suwomnoi |
| vocative | *suwomne | *suwomnou | *suwomnoi |
| accusative | *suwomnom | *suwomnou | *suwomnons |
| genitive | *suwomnī | *suwomnous | *suwomnom |
| dative | *suwomnūi | *suwomnobom | *suwomnobos |
| instrumental | *suwomnū | *suwomnobim | *suwomnobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suwomnā | *suwomnai | *suwomnās |
| vocative | *suwomnā | *suwomnai | *suwomnās |
| accusative | *suwomnam | *suwomnai | *suwomnans |
| genitive | *suwomnās | *suwomnous | *suwomnom |
| dative | *suwomnai | *suwomnābom | *suwomnābos |
| instrumental | *? | *suwomnābim | *suwomnābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *suwomnom | *suwomnou | *suwomnā |
| vocative | *suwomnom | *suwomnou | *suwomnā |
| accusative | *suwomnom | *suwomnou | *suwomnā |
| genitive | *suwomnī | *suwomnous | *suwomnom |
| dative | *suwomnūi | *suwomnobom | *suwomnobos |
| instrumental | *suwomnū | *suwomnobim | *suwomnobis |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *sūtos | *sūtou | *sūtoi |
| vocative | *sūte | *sūtou | *sūtoi |
| accusative | *sūtom | *sūtou | *sūtons |
| genitive | *sūtī | *sūtous | *sūtom |
| dative | *sūtūi | *sūtobom | *sūtobos |
| instrumental | *sūtū | *sūtobim | *sūtobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *sūtā | *sūtai | *sūtās |
| vocative | *sūtā | *sūtai | *sūtās |
| accusative | *sūtam | *sūtai | *sūtans |
| genitive | *sūtās | *sūtous | *sūtom |
| dative | *sūtai | *sūtābom | *sūtābos |
| instrumental | *? | *sūtābim | *sūtābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *sūtom | *sūtou | *sūtā |
| vocative | *sūtom | *sūtou | *sūtā |
| accusative | *sūtom | *sūtou | *sūtā |
| genitive | *sūtī | *sūtous | *sūtom |
| dative | *sūtūi | *sūtobom | *sūtobos |
| instrumental | *sūtū | *sūtobim | *sūtobis |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*suw-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 360