Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/härkä
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Probably a Proto-Baltic loanword from the same root as Lithuanian žirgas (“steed”), Latvian zirgs (“horse”),[1] suggesting earlier *šärkä ← *žr̥gas.
Noun
*härkä[2]
Inflection
Inflection of *härkä
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *härkä | *härgät | |
| accusative | *härgän | *härgät | |
| genitive | *härgän | *härkäden *härkeiden | |
| partitive | *härkädä | *härkeidä | |
| inessive | *härgässä *härgähnä |
*härgeissä *härgeihnä | |
| elative | *härgästä | *härgeistä | |
| illative | *härkähen | *härkeihen | |
| adessive | *härgällä | *härgeillä | |
| ablative | *härgältä | *härgeiltä | |
| allative | *härkälen *härkälek |
*härkeilen *härkeilek | |
| essive | *härkänä | *härkeinä | |
| translative | *härgäksi | *härgeiksi | |
| instructive | *härgän | *härgein | |
| comitative | *härkänek | *härkeinek | |
| abessive | *härgättä | *härgeittä | |
Coordinate terms
Descendants
- Estonian: härg
- Finnish: härkä
- Ingrian: härkä
- Karelian:
- Livonian: ǟrga
- Livvi: härgy
- Ludian: härg
- Veps: härg
- Võro: härg
- Votic: ärtše
- → Proto-Samic: *(h)earkē (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “härkä”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*härkä”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary] (in Finnish)
Further reading
- “härg”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN