Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/henki
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown. Has been compared with various words in other Uralic languages with mainly heat-related meanings (e.g. Erzya ченгемс (čengems, “to burn down; to thirst”), Udmurt ӝог (džog, “hot, drought”), Northern Mansi саӈк (saňk, “sweat”)), and UEW reconstructs a common root *čeŋke, but this is unlikely as initial *č would not regularly result in *h.
Noun
*henki[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *henki
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *henki | *henget | |
| accusative | *hengen | *henget | |
| genitive | *hengen | *henkeden *henkiden | |
| partitive | *henkedä | *henkidä | |
| inessive | *hengessä *hengehnä |
*hengissä *hengihnä | |
| elative | *hengestä | *hengistä | |
| illative | *henkehen | *henkihen | |
| adessive | *hengellä | *hengillä | |
| ablative | *hengeltä | *hengiltä | |
| allative | *henkelen *henkelek |
*henkilen *henkilek | |
| essive | *henkenä | *henkinä | |
| translative | *hengeksi | *hengiksi | |
| instructive | *hengen | *hengin | |
| comitative | *henkenek | *henkinek | |
| abessive | *hengettä | *hengittä | |
Descendants
- Estonian: hing
- Finnish: henki
- Ingrian: henki
- Karelian:
- Livonian: jeng
- Livvi: hengi
- Ludian: heng
- Veps: heng
- Võro: heng', hing'
- Votic: entši
- → Proto-Samic: *(h)eaŋkë (see there for further descendants)
References
- “hing”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN