Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ratkët'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Unknown.
Verb
*ratkët'ak (stem *ratkëda-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *ratkët'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *ratkëdan | *ratkëcin | — | *ratkëtkon |
| 2nd sing. | *ratkëdat | *ratkëcit | *ratkëdak | *ratkëtkos |
| 3rd sing. | *ratkëdapi *ratkët |
*ratkëci | *ratkëtkasën | *ratkëtkosën |
| 1st plur. | *ratkëdakmëk *ratkëdakmak |
*ratkëcimëk *ratkëcimak |
*ratkëtkatëmëk *ratkëtkatamak |
*ratkëtkotëmëk *ratkëtkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *ratkëdaktëk *ratkëdaktak |
*ratkëcidëk *ratkëcidak |
*ratkëtkatë *ratkëtkata |
*ratkëtkot'ëk *ratkëtkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *ratkëdabat *ratkët |
*ratkëci | *ratkëtkasën | *ratkëtkosën |
| passive | *ratkëdaksën *ratkëdat'aksën |
*ratkëttisën *ratkëdattihën |
*ratkëttakahën *ratkëdattagasën |
*ratkëttakohën *ratkëdattagosën |
| connegative | *ratkëdak | — | *ratkëtkak | *ratkëtkok |
| passive connegative | *ratkëdaktak | — | *ratkëttagak *ratkëdattagak |
*ratkëttagok *ratkëdattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *ratkëdakcin | *ratkëcicin | *ratkënnën | |
| 2nd sing. | *ratkëdakcit | *ratkëcicit | *ratkënnët | |
| 3rd sing. | *ratkëdakci | *ratkëcici | *ratkënni | |
| 1st plur. | *ratkëdakcimëk *ratkëdakcimak |
*ratkëcicimëk *ratkëcicimak |
*ratkënnëmëk *ratkënnëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *ratkëdakcidëk *ratkëdakcidak |
*ratkëcicidëk *ratkëcicidak |
*ratkënnëdëk *ratkënnëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *ratkëdakci | *ratkëcici | *ratkënni | |
| passive | *ratkët'akcihën *ratkëdat'akcisën |
*ratkëtticihën *ratkëdatticisën |
*ratkëttanëhën *ratkëdattanësën | |
| connegative | *ratkëdakcik | *ratkëcicik | *ratkënnëk | |
| passive connegative | *ratkët'akcik *ratkëdat'akcik |
*ratkëtticik *ratkëdatticik |
*ratkëttanëk *ratkëdattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *ratkët'ak | present | *ratkëdapa | *ratkëttapa *ratkëdattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *ratkëttë- | past | *ratkënnut | *ratkëttu *ratkëdattu |
| gerund/supine | *ratkëdama | |||
| action noun | *ratkëdaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: (dialectal) ⇒ ratkuma/ratkuda
- Finnish: ratketa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: ratketa
- Livonian: rakkõ
- Ludian: ratketa
- Veps: ratketa
- Võro: rakkõma/rakkõdaq
- Votic: ratkõa (Itšäpäivä, Mati)
References
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “ratketa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN