Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/talvi
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *tälwä (“winter”), akin to e.g. Proto-Samic *tālvē, Hungarian tél. The stem type shift *ä-ä > *a-i is attested in several other words as well (e.g. *sappi (“gall”), *sarni (“ash tree”)), and Zhivlov (2014) proposes that it might be in fact regular.
Noun
*talvi[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *talvi
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *talvi | *talvët | |
| accusative | *talvën | *talvët | |
| genitive | *talvën | *talvëdën *talvidën | |
| partitive | *talvëda | *talvida | |
| inessive | *talvëssa *talvëhna |
*talvissa *talvihna | |
| elative | *talvësta | *talvista | |
| illative | *talvëhën | *talvihën | |
| adessive | *talvëlla | *talvilla | |
| ablative | *talvëlta | *talvilta | |
| allative | *talvëlën *talvëlëk |
*talvilën *talvilëk | |
| essive | *talvëna | *talvina | |
| translative | *talvëksi | *talviksi | |
| instructive | *talvën | *talvin | |
| comitative | *talvënëk | *talvinëk | |
| abessive | *talvëtta | *talvitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: talv
- Finnish: talvi
- Ingrian: talvi
- Karelian:
- Livonian: tǭla
- Livvi: talvi
- Ludian: tal'v
- Veps: tal'v
- Võro: talv'
- Votic: talvi
References
- “talv”, in Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- Zhivlov, Mikhail. 2014. "Studies in Uralic vocalism III". In Journal of Language Relationship 12, pp. 113–148.