Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bellaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to sound; roar; bark”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbel.lɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bellaną

to roar, bark, bellow
to ring

Inflection

Conjugation of *bellaną (strong class 3)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*bellō	*bellaų	—	*bellai	?
2nd singular	*billizi	*bellaiz	*bell	*bellazai	*bellaizau
3rd singular	*billidi	*bellai	*belladau	*belladai	*bellaidau
1st dual	*bellōz	*bellaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*belladiz	*bellaidiz	*belladiz	—	—
1st plural	*bellamaz	*bellaim	—	*bellandai	*bellaindau
2nd plural	*billid	*bellaid	*billid	*bellandai	*bellaindau
3rd plural	*bellandi	*bellain	*bellandau	*bellandai	*bellaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*ball	*bullį̄
2nd singular	*ballt	*bullīz
3rd singular	*ball	*bullī
1st dual	*bullū	*bullīw
2nd dual	*bulludiz	*bullīdiz
1st plural	*bullum	*bullīm
2nd plural	*bullud	*bullīd
3rd plural	*bullun	*bullīn

	present	past
participles	*bellandz	*bullanaz

Related terms

Descendants

Old English: bellan
- Middle English: bellen
  - English: bell
  - Scots: bell
Old Saxon: *bellan
- Middle Low German: bellen
  - German Low German: bellen
Old Dutch: *bellan
- Middle Dutch: bellen
  - Dutch: bellen
Old High German: bellan
- Middle High German: bëllen
  - Cimbrian: pèlln
  - German: bellen

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bellan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58
^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*bellanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bellan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 58

[2] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*bellanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bellaną

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