Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ebnōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *ebnaz (“even”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.βnɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*ebnōną^[1]

to even out
to make equal

Inflection

Conjugation of *ebnōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*ebnō	*ebnǭ	—	*ebnōi	?
2nd singular	*ebnōsi	*ebnōs	*ebnō	*ebnōsai	*ebnōsau
3rd singular	*ebnōþi	*ebnō	*ebnōþau	*ebnōþai	*ebnōþau
1st dual	*ebnōs	*ebnōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*ebnōþiz	*ebnōþiz	*ebnōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*ebnōmaz	*ebnōm	—	*ebnōnþai	*ebnōnþau
2nd plural	*ebnōþ	*ebnōþ	*ebnōþ	*ebnōnþai	*ebnōnþau
3rd plural	*ebnōnþi	*ebnōn	*ebnōnþau	*ebnōnþai	*ebnōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*ebnōdǭ	*ebnōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*ebnōdēz	*ebnōdēdīz
3rd singular	*ebnōdē	*ebnōdēdī
1st dual	*ebnōdēdū	*ebnōdēdīw
2nd dual	*ebnōdēdudiz	*ebnōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*ebnōdēdum	*ebnōdēdīm
2nd plural	*ebnōdēdud	*ebnōdēdīd
3rd plural	*ebnōdēdun	*ebnōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*ebnōndz	*ebnōdaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ebnōn
- Old English: efnian
  - Middle English: evenen
    - English: even
- Old Frisian: evenia
- Old Saxon: *evanon, *effanon
  - Middle Low German: ēvenen, effenen
- Old Dutch: *effanon
  - Middle Dutch: effenen
    - Dutch: effenen
- Old High German: ebanōn
  - Middle High German: ebenen
    - German: ebnen
Old Norse: efna, jafna
- Icelandic: jafna
- Norwegian:
  Norwegian Bokmål: jevne, jamne
- Swedish: jämna
- Danish: jævne

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ebnōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 82

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ebnōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 82

[1]

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ebnōną

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