Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haglą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Unknown. Traditionally compared to Ancient Greek κόχλαξ (kókhlax), κάχληξ (kákhlēx, “pebble(s), small stone(s), gravel (in a riverbed)”) which would point to Proto-Indo-European *kagʰl- (“pebble”). Beekes instead asserts that the Greek is of substrate origin, on the basis of its irregular variation and the suffix -ακ- (-ak-).^[1][2] Alternatively, *haglaz may be:

• From pre-Germanic *ḱo-ḱl(h₁)-ó-m, similar to *hehlǭ (“hoarfrost”), from a reduplication of Proto-Indo-European *ḱel(h₁)- (“cold”), thus similar in formation to Sanskrit शिशिर (śíśira, “cool, cold; hoarfrost”) (perhaps from *ḱí-ḱl̥h₁-o-^[3]).^[4]
• Derived from a verb *hag(g)ōną (“to torment, agonize”), in view of the Faroese meaning “pain, inconvenience”.^[1]

Attested as haal in the Codex Vindobonensis, despite all of the other names preserving -z, so in Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌲𐌻 was the name of 𐌷 (compare daaz for dags)

• IPA^(key): /ˈxɑɣ.lɑ̃/

*haglą n^[1]

1. hail (the precipitation)
2. (Runic alphabet) name of the rune ᚺ,ᚻ (h)

• *haglaz

• *haglastainaz (“hailstone”)^[4]
• *haglōną

• Old Norse: hagl
  • Icelandic: hagl
  • Faroese: hagl, høgl, heglingur
  • Norwegian: hagl
  • Old Swedish: haghl
    • Swedish: hagel
  • Old Danish: haghæl
    • Danish: hagl, hagel, havl
  • Gutnish: hagel