Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haisaz

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

Etymology

Unknown. The forms in *-r- are difficult to explain; they may be from the addition of *-raz with metathesis (Kroonen, Orel) or conflation with *hairaz (Orel). Kroonen speculatively connects it with Albanian kirrem (to become hoarse), for Proto-Indo-European *keys-, *kis-r-, but adds that the Germanic words may all derive from *hissōną (to hiss), ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Compare *hwistlōną (to whistle) for a similar (but formally unrelated) onomatopoeic root.

Adjective

*haisaz

  1. hoarse

Declension

Declension of *haisaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *haisaz *haisō *haisą, *-at(ō) *haisai *haisôz *haisō
accusative *haisanǭ *haisǭ *haisą, *-at(ō) *haisanz *haisōz *haisō
genitive *haisas, *haisis *haisaizōz *haisas, *haisis *haisaizǫ̂ *haisaizǫ̂ *haisaizǫ̂
dative *haisammai *haisaizōi *haisammai *haisaimaz *haisaimaz *haisaimaz
instrumental *haisanō *haisaizō *haisanō *haisaimiz *haisaimiz *haisaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *haisô *haisǭ *haisô *haisaniz *haisōniz *haisōnō
accusative *haisanų *haisōnų *haisô *haisanunz *haisōnunz *haisōnō
genitive *haisiniz *haisōniz *haisiniz *haisanǫ̂ *haisōnǫ̂ *haisanǫ̂
dative *haisini *haisōni *haisini *haisammaz *haisōmaz *haisammaz
instrumental *haisinē *haisōnē *haisinē *haisammiz *haisōmiz *haisammiz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xaisaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 153
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hairsa- ~ *haisra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 201–202