Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hairaz

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with Old Irish cīar (“dark”), probably Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

*hairaz

  1. grey
  2. (figurative) aged; old; lofty; distinguished

Inflection

Declension of *hairaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *hairaz *hairai *hairō *hairôz *hairą, -atō *hairō
Accusative *hairanǭ *hairanz *hairǭ *hairōz *hairą, -atō *hairō
Genitive *hairas, -is *hairaizǫ̂ *hairaizōz *hairaizǫ̂ *hairas, -is *hairaizǫ̂
Dative *hairammai *hairaimaz *hairaizōi *hairaimaz *hairammai *hairaimaz
Instrumental *hairanō *hairaimiz *hairaizō *hairaimiz *hairanō *hairaimiz
Weak declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *hairô *hairaniz *hairǭ *hairōniz *hairô *hairōnō
Accusative *hairanų *hairanunz *hairōnų *hairōnunz *hairô *hairōnō
Genitive *hairiniz *hairanǫ̂ *hairōniz *hairōnǫ̂ *hairiniz *hairanǫ̂
Dative *hairini *hairammaz *hairōni *hairōmaz *hairini *hairammaz
Instrumental *hairinē *hairammiz *hairōnē *hairōmiz *hairinē *hairammiz


Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hair
    • Old English: hār
      • Middle English: hor
    • Old Frisian: hār
    • Old Dutch: hēr
    • Old High German: hēr
  • Old Norse: hárr, hǽrr
    • Icelandic: hár
    • Danish: hǫr
    • →? Old French: haraz (see there for further descendants)
  • → Old Galician-Portuguese: herru

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*haira-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201

See also

Colors in Proto-Germanic · *farwôz (layout · text)
     *blaikaz, *blankaz, *hwītaz, *blasaz      *falwaz, *grēwaz, *haswaz, *grīsaz, *hairaz      *blakaz, *swartaz
             *raudaz              *brūnaz, *erpaz, *dusnaz              *gelwaz, *gulaz
             *grōniz              *grōniz             
                          *blēwaz              *blēwaz, *hēwijaz
             *blēwaz, *hēwijaz              *baswaz             
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