Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erpaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From Pre-Germanic *erppaz, earlier *h₁erbʰnós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“brown”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρφνός (orphnós, “dark brown”) (< o-grade *h₁orbʰnós), as well as Proto-Slavic *rębъ (“speckled, spotted”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈer.pɑz/

*erpaz

1. light brown, brown
2. (West Germanic) dark brown, maroon

• *erpô
• *irpijǭ

• Proto-West Germanic: *erp
  • Old English: eorp, earp
  • Old Saxon: *erp
    • ⇒? Middle Low German: erpel (alternatively borrowed from Middle Dutch)
      • → German: Erpel
  • Old Dutch: *erpa; no direct attestations, but found in the toponym: Erpapa
    • Middle Dutch: only indirect descendants, e.g., erpel, the toponym Erpe (<Old Dutch Erpapa) and the patronym Erpe (<Old Dutch *Erpo)
      • Dutch: only indirect descendants, e.g., erpel, raaphoen, Erps-Kwerps
  • Old High German: erpf
• Old Norse: jarpr, definite jarpi m (“the brown one; the hazel grouse”)
  • Icelandic: jarpur
  • Faroese: jarpur
  • Swedish: järpe c (“hazel grouse”)
  • Norwegian: jerpe m or f (“hazel grouse”)
    • → Danish: hjerpe, jærpe c (“hazel grouse”)