Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/halþōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *halþaz (“sloping, inclined”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxɑl.θɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*halþōną^[1]

to make incline, tilt, incline

Inflection

Conjugation of *halþōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*halþō	*halþǭ	—	*halþōi	?
2nd singular	*halþōsi	*halþōs	*halþō	*halþōsai	*halþōsau
3rd singular	*halþōþi	*halþō	*halþōþau	*halþōþai	*halþōþau
1st dual	*halþōs	*halþōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*halþōþiz	*halþōþiz	*halþōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*halþōmaz	*halþōm	—	*halþōnþai	*halþōnþau
2nd plural	*halþōþ	*halþōþ	*halþōþ	*halþōnþai	*halþōnþau
3rd plural	*halþōnþi	*halþōn	*halþōnþau	*halþōnþai	*halþōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*halþōdǭ	*halþōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*halþōdēz	*halþōdēdīz
3rd singular	*halþōdē	*halþōdēdī
1st dual	*halþōdēdū	*halþōdēdīw
2nd dual	*halþōdēdudiz	*halþōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*halþōdēdum	*halþōdēdīm
2nd plural	*halþōdēdud	*halþōdēdīd
3rd plural	*halþōdēdun	*halþōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*halþōndz	*halþōdaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *halþōn
- Old High German: haldōn
  - Middle High German: halden
Old Norse: halla
- Icelandic: halla

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*halþa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 205: “*halþōn-”

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*halþa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 205: “*halþōn-”

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