Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
Etymology
From the same root of the synonym *hliwjaz as well as possibly *hlewą (“shelter”) (but see Proto-West Germanic *hlaiw for an alternative), further uncertain:
- from Proto-Indo-European *ḱleh₁-wós, from the root *ḱelh₁- ~ *ḱleh₁- (“warm, hot”).[1] Cognate with Lithuanian šiltas (“warm”), Latin calor (“warmth, heat”), Welsh clyd (“warm, cozy”).
- a vṛddhi derivative of *hlew- (“(to) clean, bathe?”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlewH- (“to clean”), whence also *hlūtraz.[2] However, even allowing for the semantic gap, the unextended root is not found in Germanic.
Pronunciation
Adjective
Inflection
Declension of *hlēwaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *hlēwaz | *hlēwai | *hlēwō | *hlēwôz | *hlēwą, -atō | *hlēwō |
| Accusative | *hlēwanǭ | *hlēwanz | *hlēwǭ | *hlēwōz | *hlēwą, -atō | *hlēwō |
| Genitive | *hlēwas, -is | *hlēwaizǫ̂ | *hlēwaizōz | *hlēwaizǫ̂ | *hlēwas, -is | *hlēwaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *hlēwammai | *hlēwaimaz | *hlēwaizōi | *hlēwaimaz | *hlēwammai | *hlēwaimaz |
| Instrumental | *hlēwanō | *hlēwaimiz | *hlēwaizō | *hlēwaimiz | *hlēwanō | *hlēwaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *hlēwô | *hlēwaniz | *hlēwǭ | *hlēwōniz | *hlēwô | *hlēwōnō |
| Accusative | *hlēwanų | *hlēwanunz | *hlēwōnų | *hlēwōnunz | *hlēwô | *hlēwōnō |
| Genitive | *hlēwiniz | *hlēwanǫ̂ | *hlēwōniz | *hlēwōnǫ̂ | *hlēwiniz | *hlēwanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *hlēwini | *hlēwammaz | *hlēwōni | *hlēwōmaz | *hlēwini | *hlēwammaz |
| Instrumental | *hlēwinē | *hlēwammiz | *hlēwōnē | *hlēwōmiz | *hlēwinē | *hlēwammiz |
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hlāu
- >? Old Norse: hlær (or from *hlējaz)
- → Proto-Finnic: *leevä (see there for further descendants)
- →? Proto-Finnic: *lauha (see there for further descendants)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*hlēwa-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 231
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xlēwaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 176