Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlaiw

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *hlaiwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱloy-wo-s, from *ḱley- (“shelter, cover”).

Noun

*hlaiw m

shelter

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*hlaiw
Genitive	*hlaiwas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hlaiw	hlaiwō, hlaiwōs
Accusative	*hlaiw	*hlaiwā
Genitive	*hlaiwas	*hlaiwō
Dative	*hlaiwē	*hlaiwum
Instrumental	*hlaiwu	*hlaiwum

Alternative reconstructions

*hleu^[1]^[2]

Descendants

Old English: hlēow, hlēo
Old Frisian: hlī
Old Saxon: hlēo
Old High German: hlēo, lēo
→ Proto-Slavic: *xlěvъ (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *hlaiwą.

Noun

*hlaiw n

hill, mound, barrow
burial mound, tomb, grave

Inflection

Neuter a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*hlaiw
Genitive	*hlaiwas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hlaiw	*hlaiwu
Accusative	*hlaiw	*hlaiwu
Genitive	*hlaiwas	*hlaiwō
Dative	*hlaiwē	*hlaiwum
Instrumental	*hlaiwu	*hlaiwum

Descendants

Old English: hlǣw, hlāw
- Middle English: lawe, lowe
  - English: low, law, -low, -slow
  - Scots: law
- ⇒ English: Lewes (placename)
Old Saxon: hlēo
Old Dutch: *lēo (in placenames)
- Middle Dutch: -lewe (in placenames), -leeuw (in placenames)
Old High German: hlēo, lēo

References

^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xliwan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 177
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hlewa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 231

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