Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrībaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreybʰ-. Doublet of *skrībaną.

Verb

*hrībaną^[1]

to scratch
to snatch, to grab

Inflection

Conjugation of *hrībaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hrībō	*hrībaų	—	*hrībai	?
2nd singular	*hrībizi	*hrībaiz	*hrīb	*hrībazai	*hrībaizau
3rd singular	*hrībidi	*hrībai	*hrībadau	*hrībadai	*hrībaidau
1st dual	*hrībōz	*hrībaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hrībadiz	*hrībaidiz	*hrībadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hrībamaz	*hrībaim	—	*hrībandai	*hrībaindau
2nd plural	*hrībid	*hrībaid	*hrībid	*hrībandai	*hrībaindau
3rd plural	*hrībandi	*hrībain	*hrībandau	*hrībandai	*hrībaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hraib	*hribį̄
2nd singular	*hraift	*hribīz
3rd singular	*hraib	*hribī
1st dual	*hribū	*hribīw
2nd dual	*hribudiz	*hribīdiz
1st plural	*hribum	*hribīm
2nd plural	*hribud	*hribīd
3rd plural	*hribun	*hribīn

	present	past
participles	*hrībandz	*hribanaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hrīban
- ⇒ Old English: hrīfnian
  - ⇒ Old English: ġehrīfnian
- Old Frisian: *hrīva, rīva
  - North Frisian: riwwe, rewe
  - Saterland Frisian: rieuwe
- ⇒ Old Frisian: hrīvia, rīvia
- Old Dutch: *rīvan
  - Middle Dutch: riven
    - Dutch: rijven
Old Norse: hrífa
- Icelandic: hrífa
- Faroese: ríva
- Norwegian Bokmål: rive
- Swedish: riva

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xrībanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xrībanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

[1]