Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jahw

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *ja +‎ *-hw.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

*jahw

  1. and, also

Descendants

  • Old English: ġe
  • Old Saxon: ja, gia, gi, ge; jak
  • Old Dutch: joh
  • Old High German: ja; joch
    • Middle High German: joch
      • German: joch (obsolete)
  • Early Old Norse: *jah (Runic form dubious)
    • → Southern Sami: jah
    • → Ume Sami: jah
  • Gothic: 𐌾𐌰𐌷 (jah)
  • Vandalic: ia
  • → Proto-Finnic: *ja (see there for further descendants)

References

  • Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
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