Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwiknaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *kwikwaz (“alive”) + *-naną.
Pronunciation
Verb
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *kwiknō | *kwiknaų | — | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *kwiknōsi | *kwiknais | *kwiknō | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *kwiknōþi | *kwiknai | *kwiknōþau | — | — | |
| 1st dual | *kwiknōs | *kwiknaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *kwiknaþiz | *kwiknaiþiz | *kwiknaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *kwiknamaz | *kwiknaim | — | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *kwiknaþ | *kwiknaiþ | *kwiknaþ | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *kwiknanþi | *kwiknain | *kwiknanþau | — | — | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *kwiknōdǭ | *kwiknōdēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *kwiknōdēz | *kwiknōdēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *kwiknōdē | *kwiknōdēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *kwiknōdēdū | *kwiknōdēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *kwiknōdēdudiz | *kwiknōdēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *kwiknōdēdum | *kwiknōdēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *kwiknōdēdud | *kwiknōdēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *kwiknōdēdun | *kwiknōdēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *kwiknandz | — | ||||
Descendants
Further reading
- Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 259
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kwiwa- ~ *kwikwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 320