Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stauraz

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-u-ró-s (“pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). Compare, in particular, Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós, “pale, stake”), Latin īnstaurō (“to set up, erect”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

*stauraz m

  2. stake
    Synonyms: *furkaz, *stakô
  3. rod, pole
    Synonyms: *furkaz, *galgô, *mastaz, *rōdō, *skaftaz, *spaluz, *spīrǭ, *tainaz
Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *stauraz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *stauraz *staurōz, *staurōs
vocative *staur *staurōz, *staurōs
accusative *staurą *stauranz
genitive *stauras, *stauris *staurǫ̂
dative *staurai *stauramaz
instrumental *staurō *stauramiz
Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic:
  • Old Norse: staurr
  • → Proto-Finnic: *sapra (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *(s)towr-o-s, from *(s)tewrH-, *(s)twerH- (“to stir up, agitate”), though Kroonen assigns no etymology and compares only Latvian stũrs (“stubborn, unruly”), which he considers potentially loaned from the Germanic.[2]

Noun

*stauraz m

  2. (West Germanic) destruction
  3. (West Germanic) disturbance
Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *stauraz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *stauraz *staurōz, *staurōs
vocative *staur *staurōz, *staurōs
accusative *staurą *stauranz
genitive *stauras, *stauris *staurǫ̂
dative *staurai *stauramaz
instrumental *staurō *stauramiz
Descendants

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*stauraz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 373
  2. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*staurjan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 476: “*staura-”
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