Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tawjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Factitive derived from an adjective *tawaz, from Pre-Germanic *dowh₂os, from Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂-. Possibly attested as *gatawaz, borrowed into Proto-Slavic *gotovъ, though this is disputed.^[1]

Cognate with Tocharian B tsuwa and Ancient Greek δύναμαι (dúnamai).^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/

*tawjaną

1. to make, complete

• *tōlą

• Proto-West Germanic: *tauwjan, *tawōn
  • Old English: tawian (class 2 weak) (< *tawōn); tēaġan, tēan
    • Middle English: tawen, tauwen, tewen
      • English: taw, tew
      • Scots: taw
  • Old Saxon: *tōian
    • Middle Low German: touwen
  • Old Dutch: *touwen, *tōien
    • Middle Dutch: touwen, tôyen, tooyen
      • Dutch: touwen, tooien
        • Afrikaans: tooi
  • Old High German: zouwen
    • Middle High German: zouwen (in bezouwen, enzouwen, erzouwen, etc.), zöuwen
• Proto-Norse: ᛏᚨᚹᛁᛞᛟ (tawidō, 1st singular past indicative), ᛏᚨᚹᛁᛞᛖ (tawidē, 3rd singular past indicative)
  • Old Norse: tjá, tœja, tǿja, týja, tjóa
    • Icelandic: tjá, tæja, týja, tjóa
    • Swedish: te, töja, tya, tjuga
• Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan)
  • → Galician: ataviar
  • → Portuguese: ataviar
  • → Spanish: ataviar