Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wellaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”). Both *wellaną and o-grade *wallaną were probably created to the archaic zero-grade present *wulaną.
Verb
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *wellō | *wellaų | — | *wellai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *willizi | *wellaiz | *well | *wellazai | *wellaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *willidi | *wellai | *welladau | *welladai | *wellaidau | |
| 1st dual | *wellōz | *wellaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *welladiz | *wellaidiz | *welladiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *wellamaz | *wellaim | — | *wellandai | *wellaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *willid | *wellaid | *willid | *wellandai | *wellaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *wellandi | *wellain | *wellandau | *wellandai | *wellaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *wall | *wullį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *wallt | *wullīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *wall | *wullī | ||||
| 1st dual | *wullū | *wullīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *wulludiz | *wullīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *wullum | *wullīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *wullud | *wullīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *wullun | *wullīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *wellandz | *wullanaz | ||||
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to turn; wind; roll”), and thus of the same origin as the "well up" sense of Etymology 1.
Verb
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *wellō | *wellaų | — | *wellai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *willizi | *wellaiz | *well | *wellazai | *wellaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *willidi | *wellai | *welladau | *welladai | *wellaidau | |
| 1st dual | *wellōz | *wellaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *welladiz | *wellaidiz | *welladiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *wellamaz | *wellaim | — | *wellandai | *wellaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *willid | *wellaid | *willid | *wellandai | *wellaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *wellandi | *wellain | *wellandau | *wellandai | *wellaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *wall | *wullį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *wallt | *wullīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *wall | *wullī | ||||
| 1st dual | *wullū | *wullīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *wulludiz | *wullīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *wullum | *wullīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *wullud | *wullīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *wullun | *wullīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *wellandz | *wullanaz | ||||
Related terms
Descendants
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wallan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 571
- ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wellanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 453
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*wellanan I”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 453