Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dweh₂rós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *dweh₂- (“to move away”) +‎ *-rós (Caland system suffix).

Adjective

*dweh₂rós^[1]^[2]

Inflection

Thematic
	masculine	feminine
nominative	*dweh₂rós	*dweh₂réh₂
genitive	*dweh₂rósyo	*dweh₂réh₂s
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dweh₂rós	*dweh₂róh₁	*dweh₂róes
vocative	*dweh₂ré	*dweh₂róh₁	*dweh₂róes
accusative	*dweh₂róm	*dweh₂róh₁	*dweh₂róms
genitive	*dweh₂rósyo	*?	*dweh₂róHom
ablative	*dweh₂réad	*?	*dweh₂rómos
dative	*dweh₂róey	*?	*dweh₂rómos
locative	dweh₂réy, dweh₂róy	*?	*dweh₂róysu
instrumental	*dweh₂róh₁	*?	*dweh₂rṓys
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dweh₂réh₂	*dweh₂réh₂h₁(e)	*dweh₂réh₂es
vocative	*dweh₂réh₂	*dweh₂réh₂h₁(e)	*dweh₂réh₂es
accusative	*dweh₂rā́m	*dweh₂réh₂h₁(e)	*dweh₂réh₂m̥s
genitive	*dweh₂réh₂s	*?	*dweh₂réh₂oHom
ablative	*dweh₂réh₂s	*?	*dweh₂réh₂mos
dative	*dweh₂réh₂ey	*?	*dweh₂réh₂mos
locative	dweh₂réh₂, dweh₂réh₂i	*?	*dweh₂réh₂su
instrumental	*dweh₂réh₂h₁	*?	*dweh₂réh₂mis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dweh₂róm	*dweh₂róy(h₁)	*dweh₂réh₂
vocative	*dweh₂róm	*dweh₂róy(h₁)	*dweh₂réh₂
accusative	*dweh₂róm	*dweh₂róy(h₁)	*dweh₂réh₂
genitive	*dweh₂rósyo	*?	*dweh₂róHom
ablative	*dweh₂réad	*?	*dweh₂rómos
dative	*dweh₂róey	*?	*dweh₂rómos
locative	dweh₂réy, dweh₂róy	*?	*dweh₂róysu
instrumental	*dweh₂róh₁	*?	*dweh₂rṓys

Alternative reconstructions

*duh₂-ró-s^[3]^[2]

Descendants

Proto-Armenian:^[4]^[5]
- Old Armenian: երկար (erkar)
  - Armenian: երկար (erkar)
  - →? Mingrelian: რიჸალი (riʾali)
Proto-Hellenic: *dwārós^[6]^[1]
- Ancient Greek: δηρός (dērós)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *duHrás (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *dūros^[7]
- Latin: dūrus (see there for further descendants)
  - ⇒ Latin: dūrō (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 232: “*dueh₂-ro-”
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1
^{The template Template:R:ine:Vine:2002 does not use the parameter(s): 1=340
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Vine, Brent (2002) “On full-grade *-ro- formations in Greek and Indo-European”, in Southern, Mark R. V., editor, Indo-European Perspectives, Washington, D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “3. deu-, deu̯ə-, du̯ā-, dū-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 219-220: “dū-ro-s”
^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 266
^ Macak, Martin (2017–2018) “Chapter X: Armenian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The phonology of Classical Armenian, page 1050: “*du̯éh₂-ro-”
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δηρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 326-327
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “dūrus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 184

[Schrijver-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 232: “*dueh₂-ro-”

[Vine-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^{The template Template:R:ine:Vine:2002 does not use the parameter(s): 1=340
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Vine, Brent (2002) “On full-grade *-ro- formations in Greek and Indo-European”, in Southern, Mark R. V., editor, Indo-European Perspectives, Washington, D.C.: Institute for the Study of Man

[3] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “3. deu-, deu̯ə-, du̯ā-, dū-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 219-220: “dū-ro-s”

[4] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 266

[5] Macak, Martin (2017–2018) “Chapter X: Armenian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft ; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The phonology of Classical Armenian, page 1050: “*du̯éh₂-ro-”

[6] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δηρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 326-327

[EDL-7] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “dūrus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 184

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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dweh₂rós

Contents