duro

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "duro"

Aragonese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Akin to Spanish duro, from Latin dūrus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈduɾo/
  • Rhymes: -uɾo
  • Syllabification: du‧ro

Adjective

duro (feminine dura, masculine plural duros, feminine plural duras)

  1. hard

References

  • “duro”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Asturian

Verb

duro

  1. first-person singular present indicative of durar

Catalan

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish duro.

Noun

duro m (plural duros)

  1. (colloquial, historical) coin worth 5 pesetas

Etymology 2

Verb

duro

  1. first-person singular present indicative of durar

Further reading

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese duro, from Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

duro (feminine dura, masculine plural duros, feminine plural duras)

  1. hard; rigid
    Antonyms: brando, mol
  2. tough, harsh
    John Wayne representaba o arquetípico tipo duro ― John Wayne played the archetypical tough guy part
  3. hard, tough (difficult)
    Synonym: difícil
    • 2019 August 13, Ruth Fernández, “A lembranza dos avós”, in Galicia Hoxe‎, archived from the original on 26 October 2019:
      É moi duro dicir adeus, ese adeus para sempre que desgarra o corazón.
      It's very hard to say goodbye, that goodbye forever that breaks your heart.
Related terms

Adverb

duro

  1. hard (with much force or effort)

References

  • “duro” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “duro” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “duro” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “duro” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “duro” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Further reading

Etymology 2

Verb

duro

  1. first-person singular present indicative of durar

Italian

Etymology

From Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdu.ro/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -uro
  • Hyphenation: dù‧ro

Adjective

duro (feminine dura, masculine plural duri, feminine plural dure, superlative durissimo)

  1. hard
  2. tough, harsh
  3. stringy (of food)
  4. full-size
  5. (vulgar, slang, referring to a penis) erect

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Verb

duro

  1. first-person singular present indicative of durare

Noun

duro m (plural duri)

  1. hardness

Anagrams

Latin

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From dūrus (“hard”) +‎ -ō.

Verb

dūrō (present infinitive dūrāre, perfect active dūrāvī, supine dūrātum); first conjugation

  1. (transitive) to harden, make hard
    Synonym: obdūrō
    Antonyms: lēniō, dēlēniō, commītigō, mītigō, levō, allevō, alleviō
  2. (intransitive) to last or endure
    Synonyms: maneō, cōnsistō, obdūrō
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.207:
      Durate, et vosmet rebus servate secundis.
      Endure, and preserve yourselves for better things.
  3. to dry
    Synonym: siccō
    Antonyms: rigō, imbuō, perfundō
  4. (Medieval Latin) to extend (to)
  5. (transitive) to make insensible, dull, blunt
  6. (transitive) to bear, endure, resist
    Synonyms: tolerō, sufferō, perferō, sustineō, admittō, perpetior, subeō, recipiō, accipiō, sinō, patiō, sustentō, ferō
Conjugation
   Conjugation of dūrō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present dūrō dūrās dūrat dūrāmus dūrātis dūrant
imperfect dūrābam dūrābās dūrābat dūrābāmus dūrābātis dūrābant
future dūrābō dūrābis dūrābit dūrābimus dūrābitis dūrābunt
perfect dūrāvī dūrāvistī,
dūrāstī1 		dūrāvit,
dūrāt1 		dūrāvimus,
dūrāmus1 		dūrāvistis,
dūrāstis1 		dūrāvērunt,
dūrāvēre,
dūrārunt1
pluperfect dūrāveram,
dūrāram1 		dūrāverās,
dūrārās1 		dūrāverat,
dūrārat1 		dūrāverāmus,
dūrārāmus1 		dūrāverātis,
dūrārātis1 		dūrāverant,
dūrārant1
future perfect dūrāverō,
dūrārō1 		dūrāveris,
dūrāris1 		dūrāverit,
dūrārit1 		dūrāverimus,
dūrārimus1 		dūrāveritis,
dūrāritis1 		dūrāverint,
dūrārint1
passive present dūror dūrāris,
dūrāre 		dūrātur dūrāmur dūrāminī dūrantur
imperfect dūrābar dūrābāris,
dūrābāre 		dūrābātur dūrābāmur dūrābāminī dūrābantur
future dūrābor dūrāberis,
dūrābere 		dūrābitur dūrābimur dūrābiminī dūrābuntur
perfect dūrātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect dūrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect dūrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present dūrem dūrēs dūret dūrēmus dūrētis dūrent
imperfect dūrārem dūrārēs dūrāret dūrārēmus dūrārētis dūrārent
perfect dūrāverim,
dūrārim1 		dūrāverīs,
dūrārīs1 		dūrāverit,
dūrārit1 		dūrāverīmus,
dūrārīmus1 		dūrāverītis,
dūrārītis1 		dūrāverint,
dūrārint1
pluperfect dūrāvissem,
dūrāssem1 		dūrāvissēs,
dūrāssēs1 		dūrāvisset,
dūrāsset1 		dūrāvissēmus,
dūrāssēmus1 		dūrāvissētis,
dūrāssētis1 		dūrāvissent,
dūrāssent1
passive present dūrer dūrēris,
dūrēre 		dūrētur dūrēmur dūrēminī dūrentur
imperfect dūrārer dūrārēris,
dūrārēre 		dūrārētur dūrārēmur dūrārēminī dūrārentur
perfect dūrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect dūrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — dūrā — — dūrāte —
future — dūrātō dūrātō — dūrātōte dūrantō
passive present — dūrāre — — dūrāminī —
future — dūrātor dūrātor — — dūrantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives dūrāre dūrāvisse,
dūrāsse1 		dūrātūrum esse dūrārī dūrātum esse dūrātum īrī
participles dūrāns — dūrātūrus — dūrātus dūrandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
dūrandī dūrandō dūrandum dūrandō dūrātum dūrātū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms
Descendants
  • Italo-Dalmatian
    • Dalmatian: dorur
    • Italian: durare
  • Old French: durer (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Occitan: durar
  • Venetian: durar
  • West Iberian
  • → Albanian: duroj

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

dūrō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of dūrus

References

Portuguese

Pronunciation

  • Rhymes: -uɾu
  • Hyphenation: du‧ro

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese duro, from Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).

Adjective

duro (feminine dura, masculine plural duros, feminine plural duras, comparable, comparative mais duro, superlative o mais duro or duríssimo)

  1. hard (resistant to pressure; not soft)
  2. hard (difficult; not easy)
  3. (of a person) unrelenting; unfriendly; severe; brutal; harsh
  4. (colloquial) with little or no money; hard up, broke, tapped out
  5. (informal, of a penis) erect
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:duro.

Derived terms
Related terms

Adverb

duro (comparable, comparative mais duro, superlative o mais duro)

  1. hard
    Ele trabalha duro.
    He works hard.

Etymology 2

Verb

duro

  1. first-person singular present indicative of durar
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:durar.

Further reading

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈduɾo/
  • Audio (Colombia):(file)
  • Rhymes: -uɾo
  • Syllabification: du‧ro

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish duro, from Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).

Adjective

duro (feminine dura, masculine plural duros, feminine plural duras, superlative durísimo)

  1. hard
    Antonym: blando
  2. firm, solid
  3. hard, difficult
  4. tough, resilient, strong
  5. harsh, cruel, severe
  6. unbearable, heavy
  7. rude, offensive
  8. mean, stingy, ungenerous
  9. rough, uncouth
  10. stiff, rigid
  11. (of a penis or person with a penis) hard, erect
  12. (cooking) hard-boiled
  13. (slang) hardcore
  14. (pornography) hardcore
  15. (Mexico) drunk, tipsy
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:borracho
Derived terms
Related terms

Noun

duro m (plural duros)

  1. hardball (i.e. a no-nonsense attitude)
  3. (Spain, colloquial, historical) coin worth 5 pesetas
    Coordinate term: pela
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

duro

  1. first-person singular present indicative of durar

Further reading

Anagrams

Tagalog

Etymology

Compare turo.

Pronunciation

Noun

durò (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜇᜓ)

  1. act of pricking something with a pin (or another pointed instrument)
    Synonyms: pagduro, pagtusok, pagturok
  2. puncture; prick (made by a sharp point)
  3. poking with one's finger (especially with condescension)
  4. (figurative) condescension toward someone (especially accompanied by finger-pointing)

Derived terms

Yoruba

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Verb

dúró

  1. (intransitive) to wait
    Ìyá mi ń dúró dè wọ́n. ― My mum's waiting for them.
  2. (intransitive) to stay
    Lásìkò kòrónà yìí a gbọ́dọ̀ dúró sílé. ― In these corona times we must stay at home.
  3. (intransitive) to stand
    Ó dúró bí igi. ― It stood like a tree.
    Òdòdó róòsù dúró fún ìfẹ́. ― The rose stands for love.

Usage notes

  • used with dè (for)

Derived terms

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia