Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃órbʰos

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₃erbʰ- (to change allegiance, status, ownership) +‎ *-os.

Noun

*h₃órbʰos m

  1. orphan
  2. servant, slave, worker

Inflection

Thematic
singular
nominative *h₃órbʰos
genitive *h₃órbʰosyo
singular dual plural
nominative *h₃órbʰos *h₃órbʰoh₁ *h₃órbʰoes
vocative *h₃órbʰe *h₃órbʰoh₁ *h₃órbʰoes
accusative *h₃órbʰom *h₃órbʰoh₁ *h₃órbʰoms
genitive *h₃órbʰosyo *? *h₃órbʰoHom
ablative *h₃órbʰead *? *h₃órbʰomos, *h₃órbʰobʰos
dative *h₃órbʰoey *? *h₃órbʰomos, *h₃órbʰobʰos
locative *h₃órbʰey, *h₃órbʰoy *? *h₃órbʰoysu
instrumental *h₃órbʰoh₁ *? *h₃órbʰōys

Descendants

  • Proto-Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: որբ (orb) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *arbas
    • Proto-Slavic: *orbъ (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *arbaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὀρφανός (orphanós) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *orβos
    • Latin: orbus (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hárbʰas (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Uralic: *orpa (or independently loaned into some branches)

References