Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃reǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

*h₃reǵ-^[1][2]

1. to straighten
2. to righten

Dunkel reconstructs the main root as *reǵ- and derives ὀρέγω (orégō) from *h₂o reǵ-. Also from this root *reǵ- would be ἀρήγω (arḗgō) (with prefix *sm̥-) and *werǵ- (< *we reǵ-).^[3]

• *h₃réǵ-e-ti (thematic root present)

• *h₃rḗǵ-ti ~ *h₃réǵ-n̥ti (Narten-type athematic root present)^[1]
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́šti ~ *Hráȷ́ati
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ṣṭi ~ *Hráȷ́ati
      • Sanskrit: राष्टि (rā́ṣṭi), राजति (rā́jati)

• *h₃roǵ-éye-ti (eye-causative)

• *h₃r̥-ne-ǵ-ti ~ *h₃r̥-n-ǵ-énti (nasal-infix present)^[1]
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *rénˀźtei^[4]
    • Lithuanian: rę́žti (“to stretch”)
    • Latvian: rìezt (“to protrude”) < *ren̂zt
  • Proto-Germanic: *rinkaną^[5]
    • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *rankaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥nȷ́áti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hr̥nȷ́áti
      • Sanskrit: ऋञ्जते (ṛñjáte, “directs, stretches”)

• *h₃rḗǵ-s-t ~ *h₃réǵ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)^[1]
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὤρεξα (ṓrexa, aorist of ὀρέγω (orégō))
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: rēxī

• *h₃reǵ-dʰl-eh₂
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: rēgula (see there for further descendants)

• *h₃reǵ-mn̥
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: regimen (with epenthetic -i-) (see there for further descendants)

• *h₃reǵ-tó-s

• *h₃réǵ-tus
  • Proto-Celtic: *rextus (see there for further descendants)

• *h₃réǵ-u-s ~ *h₃r̥ǵ-éw-s
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hr̥ȷ́úš (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *rigus
    • Old Irish: *riug
      • ⇒ Old Irish: díriuch (see there for further descendants)

• *h₃rḗǵ-s

• *h₃roǵ-ó-s

Unsorted formations

• Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  • Latvian: redzēt (“to see”)
  • Lithuanian: règti (“to begin to see”)
  • Lithuanian: regė́ti (“to see”)
• Indo-Iranian:
  • Sanskrit: राजि (rā́ji, “streak, line, row, range”)
  • Central Kurdish: رێک (rêk, “straight”)
  • Northern Kurdish: raye (“authority, sovereignty; office”)