Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rḗǵs

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to righten”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

Noun

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*h₃rḗǵs m

king, ruler

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*h₃rḗǵs
genitive	*h₃réǵs
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₃rḗǵs	*h₃réǵh₁(e)	*h₃réǵes
vocative	*h₃réǵ	*h₃réǵh₁(e)	*h₃réǵes
accusative	*h₃réǵm̥	*h₃réǵh₁(e)	*h₃réǵm̥s
genitive	*h₃réǵs	*?	*h₃réǵoHom
ablative	*h₃réǵs	*?	*h₃réǵmos
dative	*h₃réǵey	*?	*h₃réǵmos
locative	h₃réǵ, h₃réǵi	*?	*h₃réǵsu
instrumental	*h₃réǵh₁	*?	*h₃réǵmis

Derived terms

*h₃reǵ-ō
- Proto-Germanic: *rekô (see there for further descendants)

*h₃réǵ-os
- Proto-Germanic: *rekaz (see there for further descendants)

*h₃réǵ-i-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hẚȷ́iš
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hrẚȷ́iš
    - Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬘𐬌 (raji)

*h₃rḗǵ-nih₂

*h₃rḗǵ-o-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́as
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́as
    - Sanskrit: *राज (rāja)
      - ⇒ Sanskrit: यमराज (yamarāja) (see there for further descendants)

*h₃rḗǵ-ō
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́ā
  - Sanskrit: राजन् (rā́ȷ́an) (see there for further descendants)

*h₃rḗǵ-r̥ ~ *h₃rēǵ-én-s
- *Hrā́ȷ́r̥
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hrā́jr̥
    - Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀𐬭 (rāzar, “rule, direction”)

*h₃rḗǵ-yom
- Proto-Celtic: *rīgyom (see there for further descendants)

*h₃rḗǵ-yo-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́yas
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́yas
    - Sanskrit: राज्य (rājya) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Celtic: *rīxs (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ćš (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *rēks (see there for further descendants)

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[De_Vaan_2008-1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[Kroonen_2013-2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rḗǵs

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