Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kelH-

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*kelH-[1][2]

  1. to rise, to be tall
  2. hill

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelH- (8 c, 0 e)
  • (perhaps) *kl̥-né-H-ti ~ *kl̥-n-H-énti (nasal-infix present)
  • *kélH-mn̥ ~ *kl̥H-mén-s
    • ⇒ *kl̥H-mṓ (on-stem)
      • ⇒ *kl̥H-mós (thematicized)
        • Proto-Germanic: *hulmaz (“hill, mound, small island”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *kelamn̥
      • Latin: columen, culmen (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ *kolH-m̥n-eh₂
  • *kl̥H-(l)o-m
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  • *kélH-ō ~ *kl̥H-né-s (n-stem)[3]
    • ⇒ *kl̥H-ní-s (“hill”)
      • Proto-Germanic: *hulliz (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *kolnis
        • Latin: collis (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ *kl̥H-nó-m
      • >? Proto-Italic: *kalnom
        • Latin: callum (“hard thing, covering”), callus (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ *kolH-nó-s (“hill”)
    • ⇒ *kolH-ōn-o-s
    • ⇒ *kolH-ōn-eh₂
  • *kolH-weh₂
  • *kolH-bʰ-
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *čelò (“forehead”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Tocharian: *käly- (“to stand”)[4]

References

  1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  3. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κολώνη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 741–742
  4. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “käly-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 184-186
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